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Innovation and Productivity in Eastern Europe: An International Comparison

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2020

George F. Ray
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Extract

The aim of the study was to approach an assessment of the technological level of the economies in Eastern Europe, particularly in the newly-democratising countries—Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland—by means of studying their innovative activity and productivity levels in comparison with the West.

Type
Articles
Information
National Institute Economic Review , Volume 138 , November 1991 , pp. 75 - 83
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 National Institute of Economic and Social Research

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Footnotes

∗

George Ray (1915-91) died very suddenly shortly after this article was completed. He will be remembered with affection and respect by all who worked with him at the Institute and elsewhere.

He left his native Hungary in 1957 and came to England with his family as a refugee. He joined the Institute's staff in that year and continued to work here until his death. His contributions, over the years, have ranged widely, covering trade, energy, raw materials, labour costs and the structure of industry. But perhaps his most important work was concerned with the diffusion of new technology, which led to the publication of two important studies in 1974 and 1984. He was a visiting professor at the University of Surrey and president of the European Association of Conjunctural Research Institutes.

References

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(EC), ‘Energy in Eastern Europe’, Energy in Europe, no. 15, August 1990, Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General for Energy.Google Scholar
Maddison, A., The World Economy in the 20th Century, OECD, Paris, 1989.Google Scholar