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The study of shadowing effect for LTE and 5G networks in suburban environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 December 2023

Shi Jie Seah ,
Siat Ling Jong Open the ORCID record for Siat Ling Jong [Opens in a new window] ,
Hong Yin Lam  and
Chee Yen Leow
Shi Jie Seah
Affiliation:
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
Siat Ling Jong*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
Hong Yin Lam
Affiliation:
Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Jalan Panchor, Johor, Malaysia
Chee Yen Leow
Affiliation:
Wireless Communication Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
*
Corresponding author: Siat Ling Jong; Email: sljong@uthm.edu.my
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Abstract

The presence of obstacles in the propagation path is a critical factor in air-to-ground (AG) communication. The behavior of wireless signal propagation depends on several variables, such as frequency, building height, elevation angle, and street design. This paper aims to compare the three established line of sight (LOS) probability model based on actual site data, including the building geometry in suburban environment. The comparison between these three models using the site data provide a guideline for selecting the LOS probability model based on the optimistic and pessimistic predictions. The shadowing loss was evaluated at frequencies 2 and 3.5 GHz with an elevation angle of 20° in two suburban locations at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. Three prediction models, ITU-R P.1410-5, Holis and Pechac, and Pang et al., available in the literature were used to identify and compare the line-of-sight probability. By focusing on the shadowing model in suburban area, the guideline for optimizing LOS communications or navigation in these challenging environments can be developed. The finding highlights the importance of considering building height in AG communication for network performance evaluation and design.

Keywords

5Gair-to-groundLTEshadowing
Type
Antenna Design, Modelling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , March 2024 , pp. 339 - 347
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

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