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If You Build It, They Will Fill It: The Consequences of Prison Overcrowding Litigation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Joshua Guetzkow  and
Eric Schoon
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Abstract

This article examines the consequences of prison overcrowding litigation for U.S. prisons. We use insights derived from the endogeneity of law perspective to develop expectations about the likely impact of overcrowding litigation on five outcomes: prison admissions, prison releases, spending on prison capacity, prison crowding, and incarceration rates. Using newly available data on prison overcrowding litigation cases joined with panel data on U.S. states from 1971 to 1996, we offer a novel and comprehensive analysis of the impact that overcrowding litigation has had on U.S. prisons. We find that it had no impact on admissions or release rates and did not lead to any reduction in prison crowding. Litigation did, however, lead to an increase in spending on prison capacity and incarceration rates. We discuss the implications of these results for endogeneity of law theory, attempts to achieve reform through litigation, and the politics of prison construction.

Type
Penal Law & Society
Information
Law & Society Review , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , June 2015 , pp. 401 - 432
Copyright
© 2015 Law and Society Association.

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Footnotes

This research was supported by grants from the Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy at the University of Arizona and the Aharon Barak Center for Interdisciplinary Research at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The authors thank Alexandra Kalev, participants of the Jerusalem Forum on Criminal Justice, and the anonymous reviewers for their productive feedback.

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