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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2025
El análisis de los precios de la energía es uno de los temas destacados en los estudios sobre transiciones energéticas. Su importancia deriva del impacto que éstos puedan tener en incentivar o retrasar dichos procesos. Esta investigación analiza la influencia de los precios de las energías en las transiciones energéticas chilenas entre 1841 y 1970. Sostenemos que, durante el siglo XIX, los precios de la energía favorecieron la transición energética y la modernización de la economía; mientras que, durante el siglo XX, los mismos precios retrasaron la transición, y ralentizaron la modernización de la economía. Los precios de la energía se vieron fuertemente influenciados por la dotación de recursos energéticos y por las políticas económicas. Esta investigación ofrece la primera serie de precios de energía en Chile, que abarca leña, carbón mineral (nacional e importado), petróleo, gas natural y electricidad, para casi 130 años de historia.
The analysis of energy prices is one of the most important topics of research on energy transitions. Their importance is due to the impact they may have in encouraging or delaying such processes. This research analyzes the influence of energy prices on the Chilean energy transitions between 1841 and 1970. We argue that, during the 19th century, energy prices favored the energy transition and the modernization of the economy; while, during the 20th century, the same prices delayed the transition, and slowed down the modernization of the economy. Energy prices were strongly influenced by the endowment of energy resources and by economic policies. This research offers the first series of energy prices in Chile, which includes firewood, coal (domestic and imported), oil, natural gas and electricity, for almost 130 years of history.
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