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Prospecting and characterization of plastic clays from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, as raw materials for porcelain stoneware tile production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2023

Sérgio Ricardo Christofoletti Open the ORCID record for Sérgio Ricardo Christofoletti [Opens in a new window] ,
José Francisco Marciano Motta ,
Eduardo Camargo Meneghel  and
Fábio Gomes Melchiades
Sérgio Ricardo Christofoletti*
Affiliation:
IPA – Environmental Research Institute, Secretary of the Infrastructure, Environment and Logistic, São Paulo, Brazil
José Francisco Marciano Motta
Affiliation:
Independent consultant and researcher, Extraminer – Commerce and Industry of Minerals and Services Ltd, São Paulo, Brazil
Eduardo Camargo Meneghel
Affiliation:
UNESP - Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, UNESP-Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
Fábio Gomes Melchiades
Affiliation:
CRC – Ceramic Tiling Center, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
*
Corresponding author: Sérgio Ricardo Christofoletti; Email: sergioricardoc@gmail.com
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Abstract

The present work aims to prospect and study the plastic and superplastic clay deposits in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, as a source of raw materials for the ceramic tile industry and especially for the production of porcelain stoneware tiles. To achieve the proposed objectives, a geological study was carried out through the mapping and identification of the present lithologies, lithogeochemical characterization using X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, cation-exchange capacity and organic carbon and characterization of the ceramic technological properties, including granulometric analysis by sedigraph and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area. According to their geological characteristics, the studied deposits were classified into two types: a detrital sedimentary deposit, restricted to Quaternary alluvial sediments and Neogenic Tertiary formations and composed of silt-sandy clay and plastic, kaolinitic, refractory and silico-aluminous facies; and an alterite type, found in Permo-Carboniferous rocks of the Paraná Basin, composed of laminated/massive weathering siltstones, with the highly plastic, fluxing clay minerals illite, kaolinite and smectites. Among the targets studied in these deposits, argillaceous facies with plastic and superplastic characteristics were identified, which affect their applicability in compositions for producing porcelain stoneware tiles and stoneware.

Keywords

Ceramic industrygeochemistrymineralogySanta Gertrudes Ceramic Cluster
Type
Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , June 2023 , pp. 210 - 223
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Michele Dondi

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