Index

Juan F. Cobo Betancourt

doi:10.1017/9781009314046.011

Index

Acosta, José de, 148, 182, 194, 199, 207–208, 211

Acquaviva, Claudio, 200, 213

Aguado, Pedro de, 27, 66, 94, 115

Alcalá, Diego de, 150

Alias felicis recordationis (1521), 74

Almansa, Bernardino de, 302

Alonso Saqueypaba, captain of Fontibón, 287

Alonso, cacique of Chocontá, 163

Alonso, cacique of Fontibón, 54, 59, 287

Alonso, cacique of Sogamoso, 105

Alonso, cacique of Tausa, 163

Alonso, Diego, 131

Alonso, Rodrigo, 256

Álvarez de Paz, Diego, 190, 196

Anbarja, cacique of Soracá, 111

Andrés, cacique of Machetá and Tibirita, 296

Andrés, captain of Suta, 300

Andrés, carpenter and part-time catechist, 108

Angulo de Castejón, Diego, 109

Antonio Saquara, leader of Teusacá, 45

Antonio, cacique of Pausaga, 43

Antonio, cacique of Somondoco, 107

Aquinas, Thomas, 23, 147, 165, 168, 220

Arendt, Hannah, 161

Arias de Monroy, Cristóbal, 160

Arias de Ugarte, Hernando, 237, 251, 255–258, 267–270, 272, 274, 276–278, 285, 291–293

Arias Torero, Hernando, 268

Armendáriz. See Díez de Armendáriz, Miguel

Arriaga, Pablo José de, 190, 196

Atunguasa, cacique of Mama, 52

Audiencia of Santafé, 7, 12, 15, 26, 30, 35–36, 46, 51, 53–55, 58, 63, 73, 76–77, 79–80, 84, 86–90, 93, 96, 100–102, 109, 112–114, 118–124, 126–128, 135, 142, 144–146, 148–149, 151, 153–154, 156–157, 160–162, 169–170, 173, 175–176, 178–180, 185–186, 236, 238–239, 241, 245, 248, 252, 258, 262, 265, 283, 287, 300, 305, 307

Augustine of Hippo, 23, 33, 37, 220, 308

Augustinian Recollects, Order of, 267

Augustinians (Order of St Augustine), 3, 75, 90–91, 110, 132, 144, 153, 245, 249, 266–267, 284

Auncibay, Francisco de, 154, 156–157, 160, 162, 169

Ávila, Francisco de, 190

Bagajique, 110

Bagajique, cacique of Bagajique, 110

Banesta, Juan, 294

baptism, 111, 133–134, 150, 204, 216, 230, 258, 301

Baronio, Cesare, 195

Barrera, Juan de la, 132

Barrios, Juan de los, 36, 75, 77, 79, 90–91, 95–100, 107–109, 112, 127–128, 133, 135, 137–140, 146, 191, 230, 268, 273

Bautista, Juana, 290

Bejarano, Lucas, 51

Belalcázar, Sebastián de, 84

Benítez, Tomás, 254

Bermúdez, Bartolomé, 117

Bermúdez, Gonzalo, 155, 157, 160, 170, 239–241, 244, 246–248, 252–254

Betancur y Velosa, Juan de, 258

Betéitiva, 159

Bobasé, 297

Bochica, 54, 67

Bogotá, 35, 149, 154, 156, 243, 262, 275, 303

Bohorques, Ana de, 290

Bohorques, Juan de, 289

Bojacá, 297, 299

Borgia, Francis, 193

Borja y Armendía, Juan de, 14, 172, 191, 193, 196, 199, 201, 208, 218–219, 223, 241, 248–250, 261, 266, 270, 308–309

Borromeo, Carlo, 209, 272, 309

Borromeo, Federico, 195

Bosa, 113, 155–156, 180

Boyacá, 105, 110–111

Bravo de Ribera, Pedro, 106, 113–114

Briceño, Francisco, 94–95, 97, 100, 120, 156

Cabra, Pedro, governor of Tibaguyas, 301

Cajicá, 35, 48, 128, 155, 199, 208, 212, 214–217, 248, 273, 286, 291, 299, 303

Calatayud, Martín de, 79

Camacho, Bartolomé, 107

Cardoso, Luis de, 154–155, 169

Carrera, Gonzalo, 134

Cartagena de Indias

city and province of, 9, 21, 80, 128

diocese of, 80, 135, 251, 270

Carvajal, Francisco de, 128

Carvajal, Gabriel de, 165, 258, 266, 289, 296, 299–300, 303

Carvajal, Gerónimo de, 108, 116

Catalina, servant of Sebastián Duarte, 277

Catechism of 1576, 143, 149, 168, 238, 244, 271

Cepeda. See López de Cepeda, Juan

Cerinza, 159

Céspedes, Juan de, 117–118

Cetina, Antonio de, 155–157, 162

Chaine, 106

Charles V, 227

Chía, 155

Chipa, 130

Chipatá, 292

Chiquinquirá, 275

Virgin of. See Virgin of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá

Chiscas, 130

Chita, 105, 129, 131–133, 275

Chitagoto, 107–108, 184

Chivatá, 106, 113–114, 275

Choachí, 115–117, 275

Chocontá, 163, 179, 285, 298, 303

Chugame, cacique of Chita, 129

Ciénaga, 275

Cifuentes, Cristóbal de, 257

Clavijo, Bartolomé de, 155–156, 158

Clement VIII, 195

Cocuy, 275

Cofradías. See Confraternities

Cómbita, 1, 3, 18, 292, 297

Composiciones

of encomiendas, 174, 177

of land titles, 177, 187, 287

confession, 99, 116, 132–133, 202–203, 205–206, 216, 241, 258, 274, 278, 283, 288, 291, 301

confraternities, 15, 265, 280, 284, 290–299, 302, 304

Confraternity

of the Blessed Sacrament of Cajicá, 291, 299

of the Blessed Sacrament of Chocontá, 298

of the Blessed Sacrament of Santafé, 283

of the Blessed Sacrament of Sopó, 299

of the Blessed Sacrament of Sutatenza, 295

of the Christ Child of Fontibón, 286, 291

of the Christ Child of Santafé, 283

of Corpus Christi of Tópaga, 292

of the Immaculate Conception of Santafé, 283

of the Immaculate Conception of Tibaguyas, 293

of the Immaculate Conception of Tópaga, 292

of Santiago of Tunja, 285

of the Souls of Purgatory of Chocontá, 298

of the Souls of Purgatory of Cómbita, 3, 292

of the Souls of Purgatory of Ubaque, 285

of St Agatha of Cocuy, 285

of St Anne of Tibirita, 296

of St Barbara of Tibirita, 296

of St Jacinto of Pesca, 292

of St John the Baptist of Bojacá, 297

of St Lucy of Bojacá, 297, 299

of St Lucy of Machetá, 296

of St Lucy of Santafé, 262, 264, 280, 284

of St Lucy of Tibirita, 296

of St Peter of Pesca, 292–293

of St Peter of Tenjo, 299

of St Peter of Tópaga, 292

of the True Cross of Chocontá, 179, 285

of the True Cross of Santafé, 283

of the True Cross of Tópaga, 292

of the True Cross of Tunja, 285

of the Virgin of the Rosary of Chocontá, 298

of the Virgin of the Rosary of Guasca, 304

of the Virgin of the Rosary of Santafé, 283–284

of the Virgin of the Rosary of Tabio, 299

of the Virgin of the Snows of Pesca, 292

of the Virgin of Solitude of Santafé, 284

of the Virgin of Solitude of Tunja, 285

Conquest. See Spanish invasion

Córdoba, Andrés de, 255–256

Cormechoque, 106, 108

Corpus Christi, feast of, 157, 217–218, 262, 289

Corregidores, 11, 93, 175–176, 178, 180, 188, 303

Cortázar, Julián de, 268, 291

Cortés de Mesa, Luis, 94, 157–159, 162

Cota, 95–96, 115, 118, 154–155

Cota, cacique of Cota, 95

Council of Trent, 1, 4, 8, 136–138, 140, 143, 181, 203, 205, 214, 217, 219–220, 229, 255, 265, 273, 309

Cristóbal, cacique of Pesca, 292

Cubia, 150, 297

Cucaita, 96, 107, 130–131

Cuchitamga, Andrés, 303

Cucunubá, 164

Cupachilagua, cacique of Suta, 119

Cuyacucha, guardian of the cacique of Suta, 105

Cuyiava, cacique of Chaine, 106

Dadey, Joseph, 213, 249

Delgado, Francisco, 258

Demora. See Tribute: to encomenderos

Díaz, Brígida, 134

Díaz Venero de Leiva, Andrés, 135, 142

Diego, cacique of Fontibón, 208

Diego, cacique of Guáneca, 62

Diego, cacique of Tota, 60, 63

Diego Neamenguya, captain of Suta, 163

Diego Tenasichiguya, captain of Tausa, 163

Diego Tenentiba, captain of Pausaga, 164

Díez de Armendáriz, Miguel, 85, 92–93

Díez de Aux y Armendáriz, Lope, 162

Doctrinas, 107, 142–144, 173, 180, 190, 192, 194, 198, 200, 202, 205, 210, 217, 219, 221, 232, 238, 244–245, 247, 252, 255, 257–258, 265, 267, 269, 271, 274, 280, 295, 306

Domingo, cacique of Suta, 300

Domínguez de Medellin, Alonso, 185

Dominicans (Order of Preachers), 39, 73, 76, 88, 90, 92, 107, 111, 127, 131, 133–134, 137, 144, 239–240, 245, 249, 252, 254, 266–267, 283, 306

Duarte, Sebastián, 277

Duitama, 158–159, 200, 213, 223, 286

Egas de Guzmán, Andrés, 177–179, 183

encomienda, 11, 30, 79, 84–86, 96, 98–99, 116–120, 135, 174, 177, 186–188

Enríquez, Luis, 182–187, 266, 303

Enríquez, Martín, 138

epidemics, 241, 290, 303

1558, 109–111, 133

Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada, 21, 46, 48, 61

Escobar, Florentina de, 118

Espejo, Miguel de, 150, 153–154, 169

Eucharist, 4, 206–207, 216, 271, 278–279, 286, 288, 302

Extreme Unction, 241, 279

Federmann, Nikolaus, 84, 90

Felipe, cacique of Chipa, 130

Felipe Queasocha, commoner of Guáquira, 164

Fernández de Angulo, Juan, 78

Fernández de Lugo, Alonso, 78, 85, 88

Fernández de Lugo, Pedro, 78, 85

Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo, 83

Fernández de Piedrahita, Lucas, 23–24, 27, 32, 49, 67, 305–308

Fernández Terricabras, Ignasi, 137

Fernández de Villavicencio, Nuño, 291, 293

Figueroa, Bernardino de, 134

Figueroa, Francisco de, 191, 193, 245, 287

Figueroa, Gaspar de, 1–2, 18, 293

Firavitoba, 106, 108

First Provincial Council of Santafé (1625), 250–252, 255, 270, 278–279

First Synod of Santafé (1556), 91, 100, 107–109, 133, 212, 230, 266

Foacá, 132

Fontibón, 35, 45, 47, 49, 56–57, 59, 63, 128, 149, 154, 156, 200, 208, 210, 212–213, 216, 218–219, 221, 266, 273, 286–287, 289–291

Fosatiba, cacique of Choachí, 117

Fosca, 275

Fosquiraguya, cacique of Tausa, 119

Francis, Michael, 109, 303

Franciscans (Order of Friars Minor), 66–67, 73, 75, 88, 90, 92, 106, 111, 115, 127–128, 131–132, 137, 139–140, 144, 154, 180, 184, 239–240, 243, 245, 266–267, 283–284, 296

Francisco, cacique of Bogotá, 154

Francisco, cacique of Chitagoto, 107

Francisco, captain of Chita, 132

Francisco, governor of Tabio, 165

Francisco Chicaguentiba, captain of Tibacuy, 164

Fuentes, Juan de, 184

Funes, Martín de, 14, 195–196

Funza. See Bogotá

Fúquene, 160, 257, 275, 277–278, 294

Fusagasugá, 118, 150, 306

Gacha, 131, 134

Gachancipá, 115–116, 119

Gachetá, 159

Galarza, Juan de, 94, 102

Gamboa, Jorge, 28, 260

Gámeza, 297

Garagoa, 62

García, Gerónimo, 277–278

García, Sebastián, 134

García Matamoros, Pedro, 78, 92

García Vásquez, Gerónimo, 257

García Zorro, Gonzalo, 118

Gómez, Leonor, 170

Gómez de Córdoba, Juan, 89

Góngora, Beltrán de, 94

González, Antonio, 174–175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 187, 287

González de Piña, Lope, 176

Gonzalo, captain of Chita, 132

Gonzalo Niatonguya, 63

Gordillo, Fernando de, 256, 279

Gótamo, 292

Grajeda, Alonso de, 110

Gregory I, 1

Gregory XV, 269

Guabatiba, Juan, 262–263, 265, 284

Guacamayas, 257

Guachetá, 129

Guamanga, Domingo de, 284

Guanecipa, cacique of Choachí, 117

Guáquira, 114, 130–131, 164

Guasca, 128, 304

Guascaryara, cacique of Chiscas, 130

Guateque, 108, 275

Guayquen, cacique of Támara, 130

Guecha, cacique of Gachancipá, 153

Guevara, Domingo de, 160

Guevara, Juan de, 256

Gutiérrez, Nicolás, 38, 40, 43, 46, 153

Guyamuche, Pedro, 57

Herrera, Jorge de, 298

Hidalgo de Montemayor, Diego, 157–160

Holy Orders. See Ordination

Ibarra, Miguel de, 49, 55, 170, 177–178, 180, 183, 285, 289, 303

Icabuco, 105, 129, 131

Iguaque, 56–57, 60, 62, 71

In Supereminenti (1621), 269

Indigenous parishes. See Doctrinas

Inter caetera (1493), 5

Itier, César, 235

Jesuits (Society of Jesus), 14–15, 48, 189–201, 207–223, 242–243, 245–250, 259, 261, 264, 267, 269, 274–275, 283–285, 293, 306, 308

Jiménez de Quesada, Gonzalo, 21–22, 30, 78, 84, 86, 88, 129

Juan, cacique of Betéitiva, 159

Juan, cacique of Duitama, 159

Juan, cacique of Fontibón, 126, 288

Juan, cacique of Fúquene, 294

Juan, cacique of Guasca, 304

Juan, cacique of Lenguazaque, 59

Juan, cacique of Soatá, 130, 132

Juan, cacique of Sogamoso, 63

Juan, captain of Usaquén, 169

Juan Coruta, captain of Suta, 300

Juan Neaetariguia, captain of Suta, 300

Juan Neaquenchía, 60, 62

Juan Quechantocha, cacique of Suta, 163

Juan Quigacha, cacique of Pesca, 164

Juan Sachigua, cacique of Cajicá, 208

Junta eclesiástica of 1546, 98–99

language materials, 193, 197, 201–202, 223–224, 226, 234, 238–240, 242, 244, 247–248, 250–251, 255–257, 264, 271

1606 official translations, 248, 250

language policy, 14–15, 141, 145, 192, 223–232, 235–236, 257–261, 265

Lara, Juan de, 154, 160

Las Casas, Bartolomé de, 20, 117, 148

Las Casas, Domingo de, 88

Laws of Burgos-Valladolid (1512–1513), 211, 227

Lázaro, captain of Suta, 300

Lebrija, Antonio de, 21, 32, 48, 78

Lebrón, Jerónimo, 78, 90

legal translation, 83, 173, 203, 219, 224, 308–309

Lenguazaque, 57, 59, 71, 254

León, Francisco de, 252

León, Gonzalo de, 119

Leonor, commoner of Sutatenza, 295

Lima III. See Third Provincial Council of Lima (1582–1583)

Limpias, Gabriel de, 154

Loayza, Jerónimo de, 138

Lobo Guerrero, Bartolomé, 14, 172, 181–182, 184–186, 188–192, 195–196, 199, 203, 207, 209, 219, 223, 242, 244–245, 247–248, 250, 252, 254, 261, 267, 269–271, 274, 280, 287, 291, 293–294, 308

López, Mercedes, 3, 293

López de Cepeda, Juan, 51–52, 128–134, 167, 169

López Medel, Tomás, 102–106, 108–110, 112–114, 116, 118, 121, 129, 131, 146, 178, 187, 303

Lorenzo, captain of Fontibón, 63

Lorenzo, Francisco, 39, 46

Lugo, Alonso. See Fernández de Lugo, Alonso

Lugo, Bernardo de, 242, 249

Lugo, Pedro. See Fernández de Lugo, Pedro

Luis, cacique of Soracá, 294

Luisillo, interpreter and blackmailer, 159

Lyra, Gonzalo de, 220, 243, 247, 258

Machetá, 180, 296

Macías, Alonso, 252

Maldavsky, Aliocha, 98, 194–195

Maldonado, Alonso, 159

Maldonado, Francisco, 262

Maldonado, Leonor, 119

Mallol, Vicente, 249

Malo de Molina, Diego, 243

Marcos, brother of the cacique of Chocontá, 298

Maria of Austria, 193

Mariquita, 185

marriage, 204, 258

Martinico, captain of Usaquén, 169

Medina, Francisco de, 134

Medrano, Alonso de, 192, 245, 287

Mendoza, Francisca, 290

Mexico III. See Third Provincial Council of Mexico (1585)

Miguel, cacique of Chita, 105, 132

Miguel, commoner of Sutatenza, 295

Millán, Andrés, 297

Mogrovejo, Toribio de, 138

Mona, 132

Monguí, 253, 275, 302

Virgin of. See Virgin of Perpetual Succour of Monguí

Moniquirá, 71, 96, 106, 109–110, 132, 184, 256, 277

Moniquirá, cacique of Moniquirá, 58

Montañez, Diego, 106, 114, 116–117, 122, 130

Montaño, Juan de, 94–95

Montesclaros, Juan de Mendoza y Luna, 3rd Marquis of, 190

Montúfar, Alonso de, 138

Monzón, Juan Bautista, 159, 162

Motavita, 3, 111, 292

Moya de Contreras, Pedro de, 138

Muisca, 21–22

languages, 236–244, 250–255, See also language materials and language policy

pre-Hispanic leadership, 40, 42, 45–46, 163–165, 169, 308

pre-Hispanic political organisation, 28, 30–34

pre-Hispanic religious practices, 12–13, 49–65, 70–71, See also Santuarios

pre-Hispanic ritual economy, 13, 37–45, 49, 120, 124–127, 163–165, 289

Spanish ethnology, 11, 22–26, 65–66, 306–307

xeques, 47–48, 50, 55–59, 148, 154, 169, 197, 208

Muñoz Arbeláez, Santiago, 27, 42–43, 118, 246

Muzo, 8

Nadal, Jerónimo, 213

natural law, 13, 165, 167

natural lords, 39, 126, 165–169

Navarro, Jerónimo, 223–224, 243

Navarro, Juan, 284

Neamuechequa, cacique of Tenza, 108

Neausipa, cacique of Chivatá, 106, 114

Nemchía, cacique of Samacá, 110

Nemocón, 243

Nemusa, 129, 132

Neubasia, captain of Tunquirá, 111

New Laws, 79–80, 85–87, 92–94

Nimpiqui, captain of Moniquirá, 110

Núñez, Gaspar, 161

Ocavita, 184

Oicatá, 129, 131–134, 275, 280, 293, 297, 301, 303

Ojeda, Bartolomé de, 107

Olea, Francisco de, 128, 140

Onzaga, 131

ordination, 74, 92, 135–136, 143–145, 180, 190, 232, 238, 243, 268, 272

Ordóñez y Flórez, Pedro, 270, 274

Orencipa, cacique of Ubaté, 115

Oss, Adriaan van, 16

Pablo, cacique of Chita, 132–133

Páez, Esteban, 191, 195

Paipa, 158, 252–253, 255, 275, 306

Palomino, Pedro, 131–132

Pánqueba, 107, 280

Paredes, Diego, 108

Parra, Juan Sebastián de la, 190, 195–196

Patronato. See Royal Patronage

Pausaga, 42, 45, 164

Pedro, cacique of Chocontá, 163

Pedro, cacique of Fúquene, 160

Pedro, cacique of Suba, 40, 124, 126, 168

Pedro, cacique of Subachoque, 160

Pedro, cacique of Ubaté, 45, 168

Pedro, commoner of Sutatenza, 295

Pedro Cabra, governor of Tibaguyas, 258

Pedro Conbafurguya, captain of Sisatiba, 164

Pedro Neachasenguya, cacique of Cucunubá, 164

Pedro Pirascosba, cacique of Pesca, 291–292

Penagos, Juan de, 100

penance. See confession

Peralta, Luis de, 50

Pérez de Arteaga, Melchor, 35–37, 39, 45, 49, 54, 305

Pesca, 164, 291–293, 297

Philip II, 8, 136–139, 141, 174, 177, 232

Philip III, 170

Piedrahita. See Fernández de Piedrahita, Lucas

Pisba, 51, 61, 130–132

Pius IV, 135

policía, 146, 179, 204–205, 207, 211, 228, 230

Popayán

city and province of, 21, 94, 103–104

diocese of, 80, 135, 250–251, 270

population estimates, 6, 103, 109–110, 133, 170, 177–178, 183, 188, 208–209, 303

Porras Mejía, Francisco de, 179

Prieto de Orellana, Juan, 162, 173

Queca, 150

Quecamucha, cacique of Icabuco, 105

Quesmecosba, captain of Tabaquita, Pisba, 52

quinto. See Tribute: royal fifth

Quito, archdiocese of, 135

Ramiriquí, 96, 131, 134

Rasgón, 106

reducciones, 11, 56, 113, 118, 149, 169, 176–178, 181, 184, 187, 208, 260, 292, 300

Requejada, Vicente de, 90, 110, 132

requinto. See Tribute: requinto

rescript government, 11, 13, 81–82, 121–122, 140

resettlement. See Reducciones

resguardo, 178, 184, 285

restitution, 96, 100, 112–113, 116

Río, Bartolomé del, 294, 297, 304

Rioja, Lope de, 150, 153

Roa, Cristobál de, 108

Robles, Francisca, 283

Robles, Gabriel de, 134

Rodríguez Freyle, Juan, 23

Rodríguez de Mora, Juan, 162

Rodríguez Salamanca, Pedro, 105

Rodríguez de Valderas, Diego, 116

Rojas, Diego de, 291

Romero de Aguilar, Alonso, 73, 75, 87, 145, 240

Romero de Aguilar, Diego, 249

royal fifth. See Tribute: royal fifth

royal patronage, 79, 141–142

Cédula magna of (1574), 141, 148, 231, 238, 268

Ruiz de Orejuela, Juan, 93–94

Saacha, captain of Motavita, 111

Saboyá, 256, 277

Sáchica, 130–131

Salazar, Casilda de, 151

Saldierna de Mariaca, Andrés, 186

Samacá, 132, 258

San José de Pare, 256, 279

San Martín, Juan de, 21, 32, 48, 78

San Miguel, Jerónimo de, 88, 90–91

Sanabria, Diego de, 252–254, 299

Sanabria, Luis de, 106, 108

Sánchez Ropero, Martín, 109

Sande, Francisco de, 180–182, 186–187, 203, 245, 274

Santa Marta

city and province of, 21, 78, 80

diocese of, 78, 80–81, 251, 270

governorship of, 7, 78, 82, 85

Santafé de Bogotá

archdiocese of, 135, 191–192, 256, 264, 266–268, 273, 280, 296, 300

Audiencia (High Court and Chancery) of. See Audiencia of Santafé

cabildo of, 82, 86, 100, 136, 172, 249

cathedral chapter of, 89, 91, 97, 156, 159, 179–180, 253–254, 267–268, 306

cathedral church of, 36, 97, 140, 159, 262, 269, 283–284

cathedral parish of, 284

city of, 4, 7, 12, 21, 30, 35, 78, 82, 88–89, 92, 135, 154, 157, 160, 180, 182, 197, 218, 221, 226, 236, 247, 258, 262–263, 268, 270, 280, 283, 290, 296, 306

diocesan seminary of, 143, 145, 179, 197, 238, 269–270, 306

diocese of, 80, 135

parish of Las Nieves, 284–285

parish of San Victorino, 284

parish of Santa Bárbara, 284–285

province of, 77, 89, 102, 110, 112, 114, 120, 128–129, 144, 154, 160, 164, 170, 174–175, 177, 183–184, 208, 248, 254, 258, 261, 263, 265, 267–268, 275

Santafé I. See First Provincial Council of Santafé

Santana, Antón de, 105

Santo Domingo, 7, 85, 109

archdiocese of, 135

Santo Filiberto, Juan de, 90, 92

Santo Tomás, Domingo de, 231, 234

Santuarios, 13, 54–65, 149–155, 157, 160–161, 165, 170, 173, 209, 237, 286, 304

Sanz, Alonso, 253

Sanz Hurtado, Juan, 170, 172, 176, 184, 188, 193, 197

Saquencipá, 131

Sasa, 132

Sasa, captain of Pisba, 52

Sastoque, cacique of Moniquirá, 106

Sátiva, 184

Second Synod of Santafé (1606), 201–208, 214, 250, 255, 269, 271–272, 274, 293

Sepúlveda, Juan de, 253–254

Sepúlveda, Nicolás de, 116, 119

Siachoque, 252, 297

Sichabón, cacique of Boyacá, 110–111

Sierra, Francisco de, 106

Simbaumba, commoner from Tunquirá, 111

Simijaca, 115, 119

Simón, Pedro, 67

Sisatiba, 164

Soacá, 292

Soatá, 111, 130, 132

Socha, 108, 110, 116

Socotá, 109

Sogamoso, 63, 103, 105–106, 159, 252, 254

Somondoco, 107

Sopó, 155, 299

Sora, 131

Soracá, 110–111, 129, 255, 275, 278, 294

Sotaquirá, 297

Sotelo, María de, 107

Spanish invasion, 21, 29

Strathern, Alan, 69–70

Suárez, Gregorio, 107, 130

Suárez Rendón, Gonzalo, 105, 120, 131

Suba, 35, 43, 46, 56, 124, 154–155, 168

Subachoque, 160

Suesca, 96, 115, 243

Súnuba, 108

Susa, 299

Susa, leader of Susa, 46

Susaba, captain of Rasgón, 106

Susacón, 111

Suta, 3, 105, 115, 119, 163, 184, 275, 292, 297, 300

Sutatausa, 299

Sutatenza, 295

Synods of Santafé. See First Synod of Santafé (1556) and Second Synod of Santafé (1606)

Tabaco, Pedro, cacique of Cómbita, 3, 15, 18, 293

Tabio, 165, 253, 299

Támara, 130

Tasa. See Tribute, standardisation of

Tausa, 115, 119, 163, 275, 300

Taxation. See Tribute

Taylor, Gerald, 235

Tecasquirá, 129

Techo, 266

Tenjo, 116, 118, 299

Tenza, 108

Third Provincial Council of Lima (1582–1583), 138, 197, 201–206, 208, 212, 214, 217, 219, 244, 248, 250, 255, 270, 272

Third Provincial Council of Mexico (1585), 272

Tibacuy, 164

Tibagüenza, captain of Suta, 105

Tibaguyas, 155, 258, 293

Tibaná, 105, 120, 129, 131

Tibasuso, 290

Tibirita, 296

Tinjacá, 131

Tobagia, cacique of Socha, 110

Tocavita, captain of Susacón, 111

Toisaga, Isabel, 303

Toledo, Francisco de, 138, 192, 199, 231

Tolosa, Miguel Jerónimo de, 251, 275

Tópaga, 200, 213, 275, 278, 292, 294

Tordehumos, Francisco de, 95, 154

Torres, Alonso de, 111

Torres, Cristóbal de, 4, 276, 279–280, 294, 297–298, 302

Torres, Diego de, cacique of Turmequé, 48, 162

Torres, Juan de, 90, 111–113

Torres Bollo, Diego de, 14, 193, 195–196, 199, 207, 219–220, 247, 269

Torres Rubio, Diego de, 246

Tota, 47, 52, 58, 63, 71, 114, 116–117, 130

Tota, cacique of Tota, 71

translation, 51, 159, 197, 202, 223, 235, 239–242, 244, 246–251, 256–257, 259, 264, 271

legal. See Legal translation

Trent. See Council of Trent

tribute, 11, 93, 97, 99, 103–104, 112, 114, 116, 119, 142, 153, 160, 163, 171, 176, 187

to encomenderos (demora), 30, 84, 86, 92, 95, 98, 104, 107–108, 119, 126, 142, 165, 176, 262, 302, 304

to Indigenous leaders (tamsa), 30, 40, 44, 164–165, 168, 287, see also Muisca: pre-Hispanic ritual economy

requinto, 177, 188, 262, 304

royal fifth, 126, 150, 161

standardisation of, 43, 92–93, 95–97, 101, 109, 112, 114, 119, 146, 151

Tridentine reform. See Council of Trent

Tuna, 35, 46, 56, 154–155, 169

Tunja

cabildo of, 129, 136, 172

city of, 12, 89–90, 92, 103, 105–106, 108, 134, 221, 253, 258, 285, 304

province of, 77, 94–95, 102–103, 109, 120, 128, 143–144, 158, 174–175, 177, 183, 185, 252, 258, 261, 263, 265–267, 275, 295

Tunjuelo, 96, 115, 200

Tunjuelo, leader of Tunjuelo, 115

Tunquirá, 111

Tupachoque, 176, 184

Tupia, 292

Turmequé, 111–112, 129, 158, 297, 299

Tuta, 297

Ubaque, 43, 45, 60, 115, 118, 297, 305, 307

Ubaque, cacique of Ubaque, 35, 38, 50, 54, 67, 71, 117–118, 305

celebration of 1563, 39–40, 117–118, 305–307

Ubaté, 45, 96, 115–116, 119, 168, 180, 275, 297, 303

Ubatoque, 42

Ucarica, captain of Moniquirá, 58

Une, 150

Unecipá, 150

Usaquén, 154, 169

Usme, 153

Valcárcel, Juan de, 258, 266, 296, 300, 303

Vargas, Francisco, 216

Vásquez, Hernando, 253

Velandia, Francisco de, 107–108

Velasco, Luis de, 231

Venero. See Díaz Venero de Leiva, Andrés

Venezuela, 21

Verdero, Juan Esteban de, 89

Vergara, Diego de, 150

Vilches, Juan Antonio de, 157–158, 160, 170

Villa de Leyva, 267

Villafañe, Diego de, 103, 112, 114–115, 117–118, 121, 167

Virgin of Perpetual Succour of Monguí, 302

Virgin of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, 299, 302

visitations, 11, 30, 42, 51–52, 93, 95, 123, 128–136, 149, 155, 158, 160, 163–164, 167, 170, 178–179, 183–187, 192, 198, 208, 251, 258, 266, 270, 273–281, 291, 296, 300, 302

Xaguara, leader of Tuna, 50

Yuramico, captain of Pisba, 52

Zamora, Alonso de, 88

Zapata de Cárdenas, Luis, 12, 14, 73, 127, 138–140, 142–146, 148–149, 153–154, 157, 159–160, 168–169, 173, 179–181, 187, 191, 203–204, 206, 209, 212, 237–238, 241–245, 247, 259, 266, 268, 270, 273, 283, 286, 309

Catechism with Rules and Documents for the Priests of Indians. See Catechism of 1576

Zapata de Lobera, Rodrigo, 265, 267, 296

Zipaquirá, 155, 275

Zumárraga, Juan de, 138, 234

Zúñiga, Juan de, 107

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