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  • 35 - Pharmacogenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Discovery and Personalized Treatment

  • from Section 4 - Imaging and Biomarker Development in Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Discovery
  • Edited by Jeffrey Cummings, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Jefferson Kinney, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Howard Fillit
  • Book:
    Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development
    Published online:
    03 March 2022
    Print publication:
    31 March 2022, pp 404-417

  • Summary

    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a priority health problem devoid of curative treatment. The medication currently available includes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs)(donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, huperzine) and memantine. Only one new drug has been approved by the FDA in the last 17 years, so a shift in the paradigm of finding new treatments seems imperative. This involves a better understanding of AD pathogenesis, identifying predictive biomarkers, and customizing treatments. The implementation of pharmacogenomic procedures is an efficient option to optimize the scarce resources available and to accelerate the discovery of new treatments. The pharmacogenomic machinery is composed of pathogenic, mechanistic, metabolic, transporter and pleiotropic genes, under strict regulatory control of epigenetic mechanisms. Since dementia patients suffer from other concomitant diseases and receive up to 10 or more different medications, pharmacogenetics predicts therapeutic response, reduce drug interactions, and limit the adverse effects of anti-dementia drugs.