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1 results

  • 4 - Asking the Right Questions

  • from Part II - Rethinking Research
  • Karen B. Schmaling, Washington State University, Robert M. Kaplan, Stanford University
  • Book:
    Rethinking Clinical Research
    Published online:
    13 March 2025
    Print publication:
    20 March 2025, pp 81-96

  • Summary

    Research is about asking and answering questions. One of the most important investments of time for a research investigator should occur before the study starts. This chapter considers the importance of well-defined research questions that have clear boundaries and scope. The specifics of the research methodologies such as sample size and data analysis are essential for high-quality research. Yet less emphasis is placed on the importance of the research question, the feasibility of the study, and the social impact of the investigation. This chapter argues that clinical research should be person- and community-centered. The population, intervention, comparator, outcome, and timeframe (PICOT) framework encompasses content that may be informative for those who use health care. The feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, and relevant (FINER) framework comes closer to focusing on questions and outcomes of importance to study participants. We offer a BASES (biases, awareness, social, equilibrium, specificity) model that builds on the FINER and PICOT systems to place greater emphasis on social context.