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1 results

  • 46 - Two Soninke “Slave” Descendants and Their Family Biographies

  • from Part Nine - Living with the Past
  • Edited by Alice Bellagamba, Sandra E. Greene, Cornell University, New York, Martin A. Klein, University of Toronto
  • Book:
    African Voices on Slavery and the Slave Trade
    Published online:
    05 April 2013
    Print publication:
    13 May 2013, pp 522-535

  • Summary

    In Madagascar, the history of slavery and the slave trade has long been treated with silence. The Makua was the only group of former slaves that has been considered as an ethnic group in Madagascar. The slaves imported to Madagascar were not all Makua, but in Sakalava country on the west coast, this term is used for all slaves imported from Africa. The Norwegian Missionary Society, founded in 1842 by the Lutherans, sent its first missionaries to Antananarivo in 1866, four years after the re-opening of the Kingdom of Madagascar to Christian missionaries. Kalamba Mahihitse Josefa's account tells us that he was able to take advantage of mission education to become a teacher in a Makua village. The life histories of Josef and Mikal trace their journey in slavery from Mozambique to Madagascar, probably dating to the late 1860s.