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  • Chapter 22 - Modeling Individual Differences in Beliefs and Opinions Using Thurstonian Models

  • from Individual Differences in Beliefs
  • Edited by Julien Musolino, Rutgers University, New Jersey, Joseph Sommer, Rutgers University, New Jersey, Pernille Hemmer, Rutgers University, New Jersey
  • Book:
    The Cognitive Science of Belief
    Published online:
    03 November 2022
    Print publication:
    17 November 2022, pp 488-512

  • Summary

    One common and informative way that people express their beliefs, preferences, and opinions is by providing rankings. We use Thurstonian cognitive models to explore individual differences in naturally occurring ranking data for a variety of political, lifestyle, and sporting topics. After demonstrating that the standard Thurstonian model does not capture individual differences, we develop two extended models. The first allows for subgroups of people with different beliefs and opinions about all of the stimuli. The second allows for just a subset of polarized stimuli for which some people have different beliefs or opinions. We apply these two models, using Bayesian methods of inference, and demonstrate how they provide intuitive and useful accounts of the individual differences. We discuss the benefits of incorporating theory about individual differences into the processing assumptions of cognitive models, rather than through the statistical extensions that are currently often used in cognitive modeling.