The computational anatomy techniques enable us to detect and to visualize discrete changes in cortical and hippocampal integrity and to track the spread of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology throughout the living brain. This chapter focuses on the new generation of cortical and hippocampal mapping techniques, while reviewing the research findings reported in the literature. The computational anatomy field is based on mathematical approaches for modeling anatomical structures in brain images. 3D surface-based analyses have documented the relentless progression of AD pathology-driven changes from pre-dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) to moderate DAT. An important utility of the cortical mapping approaches is the exploration of brain-behavior correlations. For decades, DAT clinical trial design has relied solely on cognitive and functional outcome measures. A major advantage of computational anatomy techniques is to track the disease process in 3D, revealing the dynamic sequence in which brain structures are affected.