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2 results

  • 1 - Introduction

  • Ioanna Tourkochoriti, National University of Ireland, Galway
  • Book:
    Freedom of Expression
    Published online:
    29 October 2021
    Print publication:
    11 November 2021, pp 1-33

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the importance of freedom of speech in reference to Enlightenment thinkers, among others. It analyzes deontological and consequentialist defenses of this freedom in order to provoke a reflection on its legitimate limits. Then, it presents cases in the United States where reference to human dignity serves to justify a protective conception of freedom of expression and cases in France where reference to the same concept serves e to justify limitations of the same liberty. The argument in this book builds off Hans-Georg Gadamer’s analysis of legal hermeneutics. According to this analysis, anticipations of meaning condition the receptivity of a reader of a text. The ex ante understanding of the role of the government present in jurists in France and the United States affects their understanding of the legitimate limits to freedom of expression. The difference in the approach indicates a difference with regard to the “imaginary institution” of the political phenomenon on each side of the Atlantic.

  • 15 - Modern approaches to early Islamic history

  • from PART IV - THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF EARLY ISLAMIC HISTORY
  • Edited by Chase F. Robinson
  • Book:
    The New Cambridge History of Islam
    Published online:
    28 March 2011
    Print publication:
    04 November 2010, pp 623-647

  • Summary

    Western writing on Islam, including early Islamic history, has roots reaching back to the medieval period. As far as early Islamic history is concerned, Western scholars of the Enlightenment began to consult key texts of the Islamic tradition itself in search of information. Contemporary scholars examines Islam's origins in depth mainly tend to follow the source-critical or tradition-critical school in their handling of the Islamic sources. Scholars of early Islamic history have shown increased interest in developing new approaches and methods, and in looking at such things as social history, gender relations, identity formation and economic history. Beyond the thorny problems posed by the heritage of the polemical tradition and by the deficiencies of the sources for early Islamic history, there exist other problems of perception and conceptualisation, as well as practical obstacles, that have affected Western approaches to early Islamic history.