This chapter comments on moderation as an antidote to fanaticism by drawing on the lessons of Eugene Ionesco’s famous play, Rhinoceros. It traces the transformation of the main character of the play into a real rhinoceros and warns against the possibility of fanaticism appearing in all aspects of modern life. Finally, it comments on humor as an antidote to fanaticism.

Chapter 1 explores the process of adjusting to England's new and uncertain religious settlement, and the broader impact that this process had on the way that religious differences were discussed. It does so by seeking answers to two questions. First, why was the legislation of 1689 an inadequate framework for managing religious difference? Secondly, how did contemporaries seek to overcome these perceived inadequacies? Through exploring these questions, it becomes apparent that adaptation to toleration involved the development of rhetorical strategies – particularly in contemporary print – that set up oppositions between Church and Dissent not just in political or religious terms, but also in terms of social status and behaviour. As the process of coming to terms with toleration unfolded, therefore, religious difference came to shape the developing social and cultural norms of the period.