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7 - Water Usage and Management
from Part II - Environmental Analysis
- By Jessica M. Wilson, Jeanne M. VanBriesen
Edited by John Stolz, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Daniel Bain, University of Pittsburgh, Michael Griffin, Carnegie Mellon University, Pennsylvania
Book:

Environmental Impacts from the Development of Unconventional Oil and Gas Reserves

Published online:

28 July 2022

Print publication:

18 August 2022, pp 150-172
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Summary

The water demand associated with unconventional fossil fuel extraction and the management of the associated produced wastewater present significant environmental challenges. Water usage for unconventional fossil fuel extraction varies in different areas of the country, but overall is a small fraction of total water withdrawals for most locations. Produced water volumes and quality also vary nationwide, and disposal can have significant environmental impacts, especially if produced water is discharged to surface waters. This work discusses water use and requisition, changes in quantity and management of produced water nationwide from 2007 to 2017, and the environmental effects of management options. As unconventional natural gas production expands, selection of management options that do not lead to significant environmental impacts must be prioritized.

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7 - Water Usage and Management

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