Functional diversities associated with structural polymorphism involving oedymery and gynaecoidy among males and major and minor forms in females, with or without alary polymorphs appear typical of many mycophagous Tubulifera. Notable is the occurrence of reproductive polymorphism resulting in oviparity, ovoviviparity, and viviparity among individuals of the same species reflecting both gross as well as histological profiles.

While alary polymorphism tends to result in ovarian diversities in some species, the combination of this feature with gynaecoidy and oedymery among Tubulifera results in a variety of mating combinations and variations in egg output. Information presented pertains to the mating patterns in mycophagous and sporophagous species in relation to the degree of polymorphism and reproductive efficiency in terms of oviposition rates. The considerably higher longevity of the oedymerous males as compared to gynaecoids adds further to the reproductive efficiency of the oedymeres. Size assortive mating is very evident, with females tending to reject males smaller than them, and with males competing for larger females in this intrasexual rivalry.