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1 results

  • 8 - The Socialist Rust Belt in the Market Economy

  • from Part III - Socialisms with Chinese Characteristics, 1957–2000
  • Koji Hirata, Monash University, Victoria
  • Book:
    Making Mao's Steelworks
    Published online:
    19 December 2024
    Print publication:
    05 December 2024, pp 265-293

  • Summary

    This chapter explores Angang and Northeast China during the economic reforms following Mao’s death in 1976. As the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) developmental strategy shifted its focus to export-oriented light industry, regions with a greater presence of heavy industry such as Northeast China fared worse than light industry regions such as East China. Despite a series of state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms including privatization, the PRC further integrated larger SOEs such as Angang into the party-state bureaucracy. The final echo of the Maoist era emerged in the form of SOE workers protesting for job security and social welfare benefits by appropriating the socialist discourse of the state. As China moved away from socialist industrialization, the legacies of this period in Northeast China transformed the region into a rust belt filled with ageing, unprofitable SOEs in heavy industry.