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3 results

  • Do maternal obstetric morbidity and its concomitants differ between sedente and migrant groups? The case of the Oraon populations of Eastern India

  • Joyeeta Thakur, Monali Goswami, Subho Roy
  • Journal:
    Journal of Biosocial Science / Volume 55 / Issue 6 / November 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 January 2023, pp. 1044-1063
    • Article
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  • The state of pregnancy and child birth is a stretch of intense vulnerability and incurs reproductive cost, which is governed within a specific socio-ecological context. We asked in our research whether the obstetric morbidities at three stages: antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum, and their concomitants differed significantly between sedente and migrant populations. 403 Oraon indigenous women [203 sedente and 200 migrants] living in Eastern India were selected. Data on socio-demographic, reproductive, maternal health care services and obstetric morbidities were collected using semi structured schedules. We applied Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA) on the first three variables; PC1 and PC4 were loaded with “socio-demographic and maternal health care services” and PC2 and PC3 loaded with “socio-demographic and reproductive” variables. We applied Poisson regression to examine the determinants of obstetric morbidities. Bivariate analyses showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) sedente-migrant differences in variables related to socio-demographic, reproductive, maternal health care and obstetric morbidities. Poisson regression showed migrants were more likely (p ≤ 0.001) to experience ante and intrapartum morbidities than the sedentes, after controlling the confounders. PC1, PC2 and PC3 could significantly (p ≤ 0.05) predict ante and intrapartum morbidities. For postpartum morbidities, barring the variables related to availing of maternal health care services at the time of child delivery and post delivery, neither migration status nor any of the PCs was a significant predictor. For example, participants who delivered their child in health institutions and had episiotomy and/or caesarean delivery (p ≤ 0.01); and those who availed first PNC within the 24 hours of delivery, stayed under medical supervision after delivery for more than 48 hours and received higher coverage of PNCs were more and less likely respectively (p ≤ 0.05) to have experienced postpartum morbidities. We conclude that the maternal obstetric morbidities and their concomitants differed between sedente and migrant Oraon populations owing to their living in differential socio-ecological contexts.

  • Section 2 - Pregnancy outcome

  • Edited by Matthew W. Gillman, Lucilla Poston, King's College London
  • Book:
    Maternal Obesity
    Published online:
    05 August 2012
    Print publication:
    19 July 2012, pp -

  • Summary

    Obesity is a strong determinant of obstetric morbidity and mortality. This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge of the relationship between obesity and adverse maternal outcome, including effects on the health of the pregnant mother as well as complications at the time of delivery. Total body fat can be measured by direct methods such as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Maternal obesity is overrepresented in maternal deaths in developed countries. Obese pregnant women have an increased incidence of labor induction. The evidence shows a marked increased risk of adverse obstetric events in obese pregnancies, including gestational diabetes, hypertensive diseases, thromboembolism, infection, cesarean section, and postpartum hemorrhage. There are also clear indications that risks increase as body mass index (BMI), or the levels of obesity, increase. In most developed countries the prevalence of obesity is around 20%.

  • Chapter 19 - Myeloproliferative disorders

  • from Section 7 - Malignant conditions
  • Edited by Sue Pavord, Beverley Hunt
  • Book:
    The Obstetric Hematology Manual
    Published online:
    06 December 2010
    Print publication:
    15 April 2010, pp 229-242

  • Summary

    Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular thrombosis and/or obstetric morbidity in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) namely, lupus anticoagulant antibodies (LAC), anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and/or anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies. The syndrome produces a spectrum of disease, both in terms of clinical manifestations and the presence of other autoimmune conditions. The disease is classified as primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) when it occurs in the absence of any features of other autoimmune disease, and secondary where other autoimmune disease is present secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS). Upto 30% of patients with APS have minor valvular abnormalities, which usually do not cause hemodynamic disturbance. Individual treatment strategies for the management of the APS in pregnancy in part depend on the assessment of a number of different factors. The first treatment used and studied for pregnant patients with APS, was a combination of corticosteroids and low dose aspirin.