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2 results

  • The effect of memantine on sleep architecture and psychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer’s disease

  • Ichiro Ishikawa, Hideto Shinno, Nobuo Ando, Takahiro Mori, Yu Nakamura
  • Journal:
    Acta Neuropsychiatrica / Volume 28 / Issue 3 / June 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 November 2015, pp. 157-164
  • Objective

    Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are commonly present in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Disturbed sleep quality is also observed in AD patients. However, the effects of memantine on sleep architecture have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of memantine on polysomnography (PSG) variables and BPSD.

    Methods

    In total, 12 patients with AD (mean age: 79.0±4.1 years old) were enrolled in this study. The following tests were performed: the Neuropsychiatric Inventory for the assessment of BPSD, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive function, and PSG for evaluation of sleep architecture. After baseline examinations, patients were treated with memantine according to a standard prescription protocol. After being treated with 20 mg/day of memantine for 4 weeks, examinations were carried out again.

    Results

    All subjects completed the trial. The mean MMSE and NPI scores were 22.6±3.4 and 13.8±12.9, respectively. Treatment with memantine significantly decreased the NPI score (5.8±4.3, p<0.01). There were significant decreases in the scores of subscales for anxiety (p=0.04) and irritability/lability (p=0.04). PSG demonstrated a longer total sleep time (TST) (p<0.01), increases in sleep efficiency (p<0.01) and time spent in stage II (% TST, p=0.02), and decreases in nocturnal awakening (p<0.01), the periodic limb movement index (p<0.01), and time spent in stage I (% TST, p=0.02).

    Conclusion

    Memantine was effective for reducing fragmented sleep and improving BPSD, and was well tolerated.

  • Case 35 - Repetitive arm movements

  • from Part VII - Sleep-related movement disorders
  • Edited by Antonio Culebras
  • Book:
    Case Studies in Sleep Neurology
    Published online:
    10 November 2010
    Print publication:
    23 September 2010, pp 248-254

  • Summary

    This chapter presents the case of a 24-year-old woman who presented with 5-year history of hallucinations during night, occurring three to four times a week. It presents the clinical history, examination, follow-up, treatment, diagnosis, and the results of the procedures performed on the patient. The polysomnography (PSG) study has revealed sleep latency of 11 minutes and REM sleep latency of 99 minutes. Sleep efficiency was 81% with normal distribution of sleep stages. Her apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 3 per hour and periodic limb movement (PLM) index was 4 per hour. The patient is awake from stage N2 sleep at 2.05am without any obvious precipitating cause. She describes seeing a woman standing by her bed. The EEG showed an alpha rhythm commencing immediately on waking and persisting for several minutes, and a review of the EEG recorded over the rest of the night showed no potentially epileptogenic activity.