Recent surveys have shown that ant-Homoptera associations are not limited to cocoa trees only but a large number of other plant species serve as hosts for such associations. It has been observed that some ant species may tend more than one Homopteran species on a number of different host plants. Seasonal abundance of the homopterans and their tending ants was studied on cocoa, mango and pigeon pea.
The populations of the ants tend to synchronize with the populations of the Homopterans which they tend during the season.
