Development of gender identity is a complicated process. During this process it is thought that many factors play a role. Gender dysphoria is a condition where there is a mismatch between the assigned gender at birth and gender identity. Although scarce, literature shows that compared to cisgender individuals, transgender and gender-diverse individuals have higher rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses.

To describe posible relations and overlap between gender dysphoria and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Literature search in Pubmed and other similar platforms. Articles considered relevant under this theme were included.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can compromise health and may be more prevalent amongst individuals with gender dysphoria (GD). Symptoms such as attention difficulties, deficits in communication and social skills, obsessional interests, and stereotyped behaviour can significantly impact assessment of GD and the appropriate clinical care. With some overlapping symptoms, the potential for misdiagnosis is possible. Data about prevalence of this conditions in transgender community is of low quality, but ASD is more prevalent, ranging from 6-26%.

Studies demosntrate that neurodevelopmental disorders and other psychiatric conditions are more common in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. It is important that future studies focus on exploring the mental health outcomes of neurodevelopmental-trans individuals.

No significant relationships.

Sexual dysfunction is a quite common side effect of antidepressant treatment. Sexual side effects may affect the person’s adherence to treatment, quality of life, and relations. Premature ejaculation is rarely seen as an adverse effect of antidepressant drugs.

We aimed to present a clinical case of a 53-year-old man who developed painful ejaculation with the use of venlafaxine.

We made a narrative literature search in Pubmed and Google scholar with the terms of painful ejaculation induced by venlafaxine and antidepressant treatment.

A 53-year-old man was admitted to the psychiatric outpatient unit with symptoms of anhedonia, decreased sleep, decreased self-esteem for the last month. The patient was diagnosed with depression and he started to take 37,5 mg venlafaxine per day. After one month, when venlafaxine dose was increased to 75mg and the patient started to complain of painful ejaculation. The pain continued from the beginning to the end of the ejaculation. The pain increased more when the venlafaxine dose increased to 150mg per day. The patient was consulted at the urology clinic. The urological examination, laboratory tests (direct microscopic examination of the urethral discharge and urethral culture), and serum prostate-specific antigen levels were normal. No pathology was found in uroflowmetry and ultrasonography of the urinary system. The dose of venlafaxine decreased and the patient started to take 20 mg of fluoxetine per day. His symptoms disappeared after venlafaxine was discontinued.

To literature, this is the second presentation of painful ejaculation observed during the use of venlafaxine.

No significant relationships.

Practicing medicine cannot disregard cultural conditions. Philosophy and religion are elements of culture. For several years in Poland, various circles have discussed the extensive LGBT issues. A document of Polish Bishops on this subject appeared on 28.08.2020. In 2018, 91.8% of people over 16 years old in Poland declared affiliation to the Roman Catholic Church (Statistics Poland 2020).

The aim of the study is to present different perspectives of effects of that publication, including ethical evaluation and references to clinical practice.

Statements of protagonists and antagonists of this document in Polish were analyzed. Collected arguments were divided into types: philosophical – by philosophy branches (e.g. ethics, philosophical anthropology), theological and clinical.

As of 29.09.2020 – 85,200 results in the Google Search after typing (in Polish) “Polish Episcopal Conference LGBT”. The use of philosophical arguments by both parties results from the adaptation of different systems, e.g. regarding philosophical anthropology, some assume the immutability of human nature, others – its variability and susceptibility to shaping, e.g. human sexuality. Some emphasize the importance of non-discrimination, while others indicate the need to consider human essence in determining directions of actions.

Professionals should help everyone, regardless of conditions, in accordance with conscience and contemporary medical knowledge [Polish Code of Medical Ethics]. They should try to understand patients and the context of symptoms. Familiarizing oneself with arguments of both sides helps in this. But polemical language makes dialogue difficult. What for one is a “venerable tradition”, for another is a “stereotype” or “discrimination”.