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Late Antiquity marked one of the most significant transitions in European history-one that saw the rise of Christianity and the transformation of the classical Mediterranean world of ancient Rome. The richness of its art and the wealth of its archaeological remains have increasingly been recognised in recent decades and new discoveries and ongoing research are currently altering the ways in which we perceive the period. These two volumes provide a wide-ranging guide to the art and archaeology of the period 300-700 CE. Key monuments and artifact-types are discussed and placed in their historical contexts, but significant attention is also paid to the main cities, regions and peoples playing a prominent role in the history of the period as well as to some key issues and debates in its study. The chapters are written by leading experts and will be invaluable for any student or scholar interested in the period.
Why do states exit international organizations (IOs)? How often does exit from IOs – including voluntary withdrawal and forced suspension – occur? What are the effects of leaving IOs for the exiting state? Despite the importance of membership in IOs, a broader understanding of exit across states, organizations, and time has been limited. Exit from International Organizations addresses these lacunae through a theoretically grounded and empirically systematic study of IO exit. Von Borzyskowski and Vabulas argue that there is a common logic to IO exit which helps explain both its causes and consequences. By examining IO exit across 198 states, 534 IOs, and over a hundred years of history, they show that exit is driven by states' dissatisfaction, preference divergence, and is a strategy to negotiate institutional change. The book also demonstrates that exit is costly because it has reputational consequences for leaving states and significantly affects other forms of international cooperation.
Cults and other forms of persuasive leadership have become increasingly topical for clinical professionals. However, little has been established on how to understand and approach them in a clinical and forensic context. Authored by experts in forensic psychiatry and psychology, this book reviews the theoretical, clinical, and forensic issues pertaining to cult leaders, followers, and those who may encounter them in a variety of social, medical, and legal contexts. This text applies evidence-based study to specific group subtypes to facilitate conceptualization, understanding, treatment, and approach to cult leaders and members alike. Chapters review the empirical basis of the contemporary understanding of cults and organizations with similar frameworks, addressing issues as they relate to unique populations, comorbid mental disorders, mind-altering substances, treatment, and the forensic and legal implications inherent to them. This book will appeal to psychiatrists, psychologists, other mental health professionals, and those working in the judicial system.
This book clearly explains how public health officials plan, deliver and evaluate crisis and emergency risk communication before, during, and after health emergencies. Organized into four sections: pre-crisis planning, communicating during a health emergency, communicating and evaluating after a health emergency, and crisis leadership, it offers practical information as well as the opportunity to reflect on emergency risk communication best practices and theories. Including information on precrisis planning, implications of public health law, developing communication plans, writing messages, evaluating emergency risk communication, and crisis leadership, this book brings together theory and practical application to provide working professionals with evidenced-based research and practical knowledge to effectively communicate during health emergencies. Case studies of emergencies such as COVID-19, Zika, Ebola and Mpox and water crises, all use CDC's Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) framework to analyze how health officials provided accurate and actionable health information to the public.
After Equality tackles one of the biggest challenges facing LGBT activists in many parts of the world: how to move beyond inclusive legislation to ensure LGBT people can exercise their newly acquired rights. Drawing from in-depth interviews and ethnographic observation with two lesbian organizations in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Cape Town, South Africa, Julie Moreau explores the ways that organizations use identity to make rights useful. Engaging interdisciplinary scholarship and intersectional theory, Moreau develops a novel approach to identity strategizing that explains how activists engage multiple identities to challenge the relationships between identity categories and address the ways interlocking systems of power affect their constituents. By analyzing sexual identity as always constructed through race, class and gender, the book transforms how scholars understand the role of identity in the strategic repertoires of social movement organizations and illuminates dimensions of identity politics that surface in the aftermath of legal inclusion.
How do states advance their national security interests? Conventional wisdom holds that states must court the risk of catastrophic war by 'tying their hands' to credibly protect their interests. Dan Reiter overturns this perspective with the compelling argument that states craft flexible foreign policies to avoid unwanted wars. Through a comprehensive analysis of key international crises, including the Berlin, Taiwan Straits, and Cuban Missile Crises, and the Korean and Vietnam Wars, Reiter provides new perspectives on the causes of wars, the role of international alliances, foreign troop deployments, leader madness, and the impact of AI on international relations. With critical insights into contemporary foreign policy challenges, such as America's role in NATO, the risks of war with China, containing a resurgent Russia, and the dangers of nuclear war, Untied Hands is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding how states can effectively manage international crises while avoiding the wrong wars.
Through a systematic analysis of the context and drafting history of the European Convention on Human Rights, the book uncovers a hitherto unnoticed disconnect between the moral justification for the inclusion of property rights in the ECHR and the legal scope of protection of the right of legal persons to enjoyment of their possessions in Article 1 of the First Protocol. The study shows how, prior to the adoption of the ECHR, the concepts of legal personality and possessions functioned as legal fictions in European civil and common law to facilitate ownership and sale of tangible and intangible property, shares, debts, securities and intellectual property. The Court's construction of the ambiguous text of Article 1 of the First Protocol and its application to corporate IPRs is reviewed in this light and shown to have been initially anchored in the legal fictions of national laws and later expanded and reinforced by European Union law.
In a world demanding climate action, the oil-rich Gulf states face a pivotal moment. Can they transform their economies, built on fossil fuels, into sustainable powerhouses? This seminal work offers a comprehensive analysis of how Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar are navigating the complex transition towards decarbonization. Examining the intertwined forces of economic necessity, geopolitical shifts, and environmental pressures, the book illuminates the difficult choices and trade-offs these nations face. Through rigorous examination, it reveals the innovative policies, technological advancements, and evolving social contracts shaping the Gulf's energy future, while critically assessing the impact of decarbonization on their macroeconomic growth. This book is essential reading for scholars, policymakers, and industry leaders seeking to understand the complexities of the Gulf's energy landscape and its implications for the global fight against climate change.
This extensive revision of the 2007 book 'Random Graph Dynamics,' covering the current state of mathematical research in the field, is ideal for researchers and graduate students. It considers a small number of types of graphs, primarily the configuration model and inhomogeneous random graphs. However, it investigates a wide variety of dynamics. The author describes results for the convergence to equilibrium for random walks on random graphs as well as topics that have emerged as mature research areas since the publication of the first edition, such as epidemics, the contact process, voter models, and coalescing random walk. Chapter 8 discusses a new challenging and largely uncharted direction: systems in which the graph and the states of their vertices coevolve.
The Corpus of Latin Texts on Papyrus (CLTP) is a comprehensive, up-to-date, and unique reference tool in six volumes, gathering nearly 1,500 Latin texts on papyrus. Editions are provided with both a palaeographic and a critical apparatus, English translations, and detailed introductions. The texts in CLTP cover a wide chronological range and many different types and genres. They include both literary and documentary texts, dating from the first century BC to the Middle Ages. They provide new knowledge about the circulation of Latin, offering unique insights into textual transmission and indeed into Latin literature itself, but also into topics such as ancient education and multilingualism, economics, society, culture, and multiculturalism in the ancient Mediterranean world. The result is a lasting and crucial reference work for all those interested in the history of Latin and of the Roman world.
Stoic cosmology held that our cosmos is periodically destroyed and restored. In this, it is unique compared to earlier cosmologies. Ricardo Salles offers a detailed reconstruction of the philosophical ideas behind this thesis which explains its uniqueness and how it competes with earlier cosmologies. The reconstruction is based on a rigorous analysis of the evidence, made accessible to non-specialists who are familiar with the history of ancient philosophy but do not specialise in Stoicism. Furthermore, the book reveals how the Stoics combined their meteorology, their cosmology, their physics and their metaphysics to explain natural phenomena, thereby illustrating how different disciplines can interact in ancient philosophy. It also refers to central questions in the interpretation of Stoicism, such as the role of the Stoic god in cosmology.
Renowned as a city of entertainment, Naples was unequaled in eighteenth-century Italy for the diversity of its musical life. During the reigns of Carlo di Borbone and his heir Ferdinando IV, the sponsorship of feste di ballo, elaborate celebratory balls featuring social dance such as the minuet and contredanse, grew increasingly lavish. Organized for carnevale, occasions of state, and personal celebrations in the lives of the royal family, the feste di ballo fostered both a public agenda and a personal rapport between the monarchs and local aristocracy. As the century progressed, the frequency of and resources accorded to the feste di ballo and its showcasing of social dance came to match those of stage drama and instrumental music. Based on extensive archival research, this book reveals the culture of social dance at the Bourbon court and how these spectacular events served to project images of authority, power, and identity.
The art of image restoration and completion has entered a new phase thanks to digital technology. Indeed, virtual restoration is sometimes the only feasible option available to us, and it has, under the name 'inpainting', grown, from methods developed in the mathematics and computer vision communities, to the creation of tools used routinely by conservators and historians working in the worlds of fine art and cinema. The aim of this book is to provide, for a broad audience, a thorough description of imaging inpainting techniques. The book has a two-layer structure. In one layer, there is a general and more conceptual description of inpainting; in the other, there are boxed descriptions of the essentials of the mathematical and computational details. The idea is that readers can easily skip those boxes without disrupting the narrative. Examples of how the tools can be used are drawn from the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge collections.
This accessible text is an introduction to the theory of phase transitions and its application to real materials. Assuming some familiarity with thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, the book begins with a primer on the thermodynamics of equilibrium phase transitions, including the mean-field and Ginzburg-Landau approaches. The general kinetic features and dynamics of phase transitions are explained, ensuring that readers are familiar with the key physical concepts. With the foundations established, the general theory is applied to the study of phase transitions in a wide range of materials including ferroic materials, caloric materials, liquid crystals and glasses. Non-equilibrium phase transitions, superconductors and quantum phase transitions are also covered. Including exercises throughout and solutions available online, this text is suitable for graduate courses as well as researchers in physics and materials science seeking a primer on popular and emerging research topics.
Income inequality in America has been on the rise for decades, but policy and legal thought has yet to catch up. Both parties in the United States have been hesitant to intervene in the market to address this problem, while the income tax system has been touted as a better and more efficient way to tackle income inequality. However, the tax system itself has failed to keep pace with the widening gaps in income. Ending Income Inequality challenges arguments made by legal scholars in the field of law and economics, who have supported the tax system over redistributive legal rules. By examining specific areas of the law such as minimum wage, collective bargaining, antitrust law, intellectual property, and housing regulation, the book argues that using legal rules, in addition to income taxes, is a promising path to reverse rising inequality.
After the Realist Revolution extends the existing academic study of American common law into new and previously unexplored areas. Marin Scordato examines the conventional understanding of appellate court lawmaking and the profound change in the common understanding of that activity that occurred during the mid-twentieth century. Scordato argues that this change in the conventional account of common law can be best understood as an authentic paradigm shift, akin to those described by Thomas Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. The book also sheds light on the ways in which the current instrumentalist approach to appellate court lawmaking is influenced and, in some respects, compromised by the structures and procedures that were created during the prior formalist era. Thorough and insightful, After the Realist Revolution is an ideal resource for legal scholars and general readers interested in the nature and evolution of American common law.
The fourth edition of the highly successful The Anaesthesia Science Viva Book provides detailed, accessible summaries of the core questions in anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and clinical measurement and equipment that may be covered in the oral part of the Final FRCA exam. In addition to a comprehensive update, this edition includes new subject material in each of the four basic sciences, with over 200 condensed summaries of the most relevant topics in the examination. Continuing to offer candidates an insight into the way the viva works, the book provides general guidance on examination technique, and readily accessible information relating to a wide range of potential questions. Written by a former senior examiner for the Diploma of the Fellowship of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, with previous editions recommended by Anaesthesia UK, formerly a prime educational resource for trainee anaesthetists, the book remains an essential purchase for every Final FRCA candidate.