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State of Nature or Eden? Thomas Hobbes and his Contemporaries on the Natural Condition of Human Beings aims to explain how Hobbes's state of nature was understood by a contemporary readership, whose most important reference point for such a condition was the original condition of human beings at the creation, in other words in Eden.
An examination of the philosopher Gottfried Leibniz's views on extrinsic denominations (relational properties), which argues that they are in fact the properties of the things they denominate.
Nietzsche's Anthropic Circle is an internal analysis and interpretation of Nietzsche's critical uncovering of 'anthropomorphic truth' in language and science, as well as his later use of anthropic analogies and transferences in his imaginative perspectival interpretation 'a hybrid of art and science' of a universal, immanent 'will to power' in nature.
According to Immanuel Kant, humans are creators. The papers in this volume examine Kant's legacy by addressing issues concerning creativity in all aspects of human experience.
This collection of fifteen essays on various aspects of the problem of evil brings together the opinions of well known authors from various disciplines, including philosophy, theology, literary criticism, and political science.
The eight essays in Fire in the Dark frame and probe Pascal's underlying contention that the darkling, 'hidden' God of Christian revelation, though Himself a profound mystery, especially in the matter of his justice towards fallen mankind, can nonetheless be used to demystify questions that matter most to us.
This narrative shows how the contours of moral and political philosophy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were shaped by Kant's two distinct philosophical responses to the results of modern science.
The Enlightenment continues to be associated with the secularization and de-Christianization of intellectual culture in the West. And yet, religious thought played a far greater role in the emergence of the Enlightenment than is often recognized. In this book Thomas Ahnert analyzes the close relationship between religion and secular learning in the works of one of the central figures of the early German Enlightenment, the jurist and philosopher Christian Thomasius (1655-1728). Thomasius is now known mainly for his "enlightened" intellectual reform program, but Thomasius also believed that such reform necessarily involved a regeneration of Christian faith, which had been corrupted by self-interested clergymen and ecclesiastical institutions. This book is the first to examine the importance of Thomasius's complex religious beliefs for the entire spectrum of his main intellectual interests, which ranged from moral philosophy and law to history and the explanation of natural phenomena.
Thomas Ahnert is Lecturer in Early Modern Intellectual History at the University of Edinburgh.
This edition of Bishop Joseph Butler's [1692-1752] complete works is the first newly edited version to appear in a century, and is the only one to include a single, analytic index to the whole works. The editor's introduction presents Butler's ethics and philosophy of religion as a single, comprehensive system of pastoral philosophy and surveys the vast influence Butler exerted, especially in the nineteenth century.
Included here are all fifteen published sermons from Butler's tenure as Preacher at the Rolls Chapel, the only sermons in English routinely studied by secular ethicists to this day; six additional sermons on the great public institutions; his Charge to the Clergy at Durham, controversial in its day for its defense of external religion; his youthful letters sent anonymously to Samuel Clarke, and the complete text of his Analogy of Religion, an apologetic tour de force, including the famous introduction on probability as the guide to life, the analogical defense of immortality, free will and the moral order of nature, as well as his famous rebuttal of deism and his dissertations on virtue and on personal identify. Butler's work is among the monuments of classical Anglican theology. He is a major source for work in ethical theory and philosophy of religion, as well as for the background of Victorian literature.
David E. White teaches philosophy at St. John Fisher College and is an officer in the New York State Philosophical Association.
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