Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-5b777bbd6c-v47t2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-06-19T00:22:07.754Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part IV - Social Aspects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2025

Glenn Stockwell
Affiliation:
Waseda University, Japan
Yijen Wang
Affiliation:
Waseda University, Japan
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

References

Belz, J. A. (2002). Social dimensions of telecollaborative foreign language study. Language Learning & Technology, 6(1), 6081. https://doi.org/10125/25143Google Scholar
Belz, J. A. (2003). Linguistic perspectives on the development of intercultural competence in telecollaboration. Language Learning & Technology, 7(2), 68117. https://doi.org/10125/25201Google Scholar
Benoit, S., & Lomicka, L. (2019). Reciprocal learning and intercultural exchange in a virtual environment. In Tardieu, C. & Horgues, C. (Eds.), Redefining tandem language and culture learning in higher education (pp. 7994). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruner, J. S. (1973). The relevance of education. Norton.Google Scholar
Byram, M. (1989). Cultural studies in foreign language education. Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byram, M. (Ed.). (1997). Face to face: Learning language and culture through visits and exchanges. CILT.Google Scholar
Chamot, A. (1995). Creating a community of thinkers in the ESL/EFL classroom. TESOL Matters, 5(5), 116.Google Scholar
Chun, D., Kern, R., & Smith, B. (2016). Technology in language use, language teaching, and language learning. The Modern Language Journal, 100(s1), 6480. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12302CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clodius, J. (1997). Creating a community of interest: “Self” and “other” on DragonMud. Paper presented at the Combined Conference on MUDs, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, January 15, 1997. http://dragonmud.org/people/jen/mudshopiii.htmlGoogle Scholar
Cummins, J., & Sayers, D. (1995). Brave new schools: Challenging cultural illiteracy through global learning networks. St. Martin’s Press.Google Scholar
Cunningham, D. J. (2019). Telecollaboration for content and language learning: A genre-based approach. Language Learning & Technology, 23(3), 161177. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44701Google Scholar
Dooly, M. (Ed.). (2008). Telecollaborative language learning: A guidebook to moderating intercultural collaboration online. Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Eneau, J., & Develotte, C. (2012). Working online together to enhance learning autonomy. ReCALL 24(1), 319. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344011000267CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flaherty, C. (2020). The power of peer interaction. Inside Higher Ed blog. November 4.Google Scholar
Furstenberg, G., Levet, S., English, K., & Maillet, K. (2001). Giving a virtual voice to the silent language of culture: The CULTURA project. Language Learning & Technology, 5(1), 55102. https://doi.org/10125/25113Google Scholar
Gehlback, H. (2017). Learning to walk in another’s shoes. Phi Delta Kappan International, 98(6), 812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godwin-Jones, R. (2013). Integrating intercultural competence into language learning through technology. Language Learning and Technology, 17(2), 111. https://doi.org/10125/44318Google Scholar
Hedge, T. (2000). Teaching and learning in the language classroom. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ingram, M. (2005). Recasting the foreign language requirement through study abroad: A cultural immersion program in Avignon. Foreign Language Annals, 38(2), 211222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kern, R. (1997). Technology, social interaction, and FL literacy. The American Association of University Supervisors, Coordinators and Directors of Foreign Languages Programs (AAUSC), 66–101. http://hdl.handle.net/102015/69530Google Scholar
Kinginger, C. (2013). Introduction: Social and cultural aspects of language learning in study abroad. In Kinginger, C. (Ed.), Social and cultural aspects of language learning in study abroad (pp. 315). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levet, S., & Tschudi, S. L. (2021). Open by design: The Cultura project. In Blyth, C. S. and Thoms, J. J. (Eds.), Open education and second language learning and teaching (pp. 4768). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781800411005-004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, P., & Jeong, H. (2020). The social brain of language: Grounding second language learning in social interaction. NPJ Science of Learning, 5, 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-020-0068-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, X., & Zhang, J. (2012). Foreign language learning through virtual communities. Energy Procedia, 17, 737740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.02.165CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lomicka, L. (2020). Creating and sustaining virtual language communities. Foreign Language Annals, 53(2), 306313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maiorana, V. P. (1992). Critical thinking across the curriculum: Building the analytical classroom. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 347511).Google Scholar
McMurtrie, B. (2021). Teaching: Before rolling out post-pandemic plans, let people grieve. The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 4. www.chronicle.com/newsletter/teaching/2021-03-04Google Scholar
Métral, C., Benenson, J., & Skorupa, C. (2009). Échanges synchrones transatlantiques le project “Cross-Cultural Connections.” Distances et Savoirs, 2(7), 253272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mishan, F. (2005). Designing authenticity into language learning material. Intellect.Google Scholar
Nunan, D. (1988). The learner-centred curriculum. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524506CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (2003). Understanding the “other side”: Intercultural learning in a Spanish–English e-mail exchange. Language Learning & Technology, 7 (2), 118144. http://llt.msu.edu/vol7num2/odowd/default.htmlGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (Ed.). (2007). Online intercultural exchange: An introduction for foreign language teachers. Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R., & Ware, P. (2009). Critical issues in telecollaborative task design. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(2), 173188. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220902778369CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R., & O’Rourke, B. (2019). New developments in virtual exchange for foreign language education. Language Learning & Technology, 23(3), 17. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44690Google Scholar
Pasfield-Neofitou, S. (2011). Online domains of language use: Second language learners’ experiences of virtual community and foreignness. Language Learning & Technology, 15 (2), 92108. https://doi.org/10125/44253Google Scholar
Rudd, L. C., & Lambert, M. C. (2011). Interaction theory of language development. In Goldstein, S., & Naglieri, J. A. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of child behavior and development. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_1522Google Scholar
Schreiber, L. M., & Valle, B. E. (2013). Social constructivist teaching strategies in the small group classroom. Small Group Research, 44(4), 395411. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496413488422CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shirkhani, S., & Fahim, M. (2011). Enhancing critical thinking in foreign language learners. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 111115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shih, Y.-C. (2015). A virtual walk through London: Culture learning through a cultural immersion experience, Computer Assisted Language Learning, 28(5), 407428. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2013.851703CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokol, A., Oget, D., Sonntag, M., & Khomenko, N. (2008). The development of inventive thinking skills in the upper secondary language classroom. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 3, 3446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2008.03.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stansberry, S. L. (2006). Effective assessment of online discourse in LIS courses. Journal of Education for Library and Information Science, 47(1), 2737.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sulam, K., Syakur, A., & Musyarofah, L. (2019). The implementation of 21st century skills as the new learning paradigm to the result of student’s career and life skills. Magister Scientiae, 2(46), 228237.Google Scholar
Tarvin, W., & Al-Arishi, A. (1991). Rethinking communicative language teaching: Reflection and the EFL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 25(1), 927. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587026CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorne, S. L. (2016). Forward: The virtual internationalization turn in language study. In O’Dowd, R. & Lewis, T. (Eds.), Online intercultural exchange: Policy, pedagogy, practice (pp. ixxi). Routledge.Google Scholar
Verga, L., & Kotz, S. A. (2013). How relevant is social interaction in second language learning? Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7(550). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00550CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar

Further Reading

This foundational article sets the groundwork for how technology affects language use and shapes the way we use language. It highlights the connections between forms and media and the importance of awareness, reflection, and communication for today’s learners and educators.

This article looks at telecollaboration from a gender-based approach. Specifically, it examines how this approach can foster learning in SCMC-based telecollaboration primarily by dyads and triads who performed an oral interview. Results point to the promise of linking existing knowledge to new knowledge, creating meaningful connections between topics and demonstrated attention by learners.

This article uses geolocation technologies (Siftr) to explore the development of community and cultural understanding in classes both in the United States and abroad. Results suggest that tasks help learners intentionally notice their own culture and that of others.

This chapter looks at the Cultura Project through an open design lens. Through its innovative design, the project offers affordances in pedagogy, material, and professional development and technology.

Chun, D., Kern, R., & Smith, B. (2016). Technology in language use, language teaching, and language learning. The Modern Language Journal, 100(1), 6480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunningham, D. J. (2019). Telecollaboration for content and language learning: A genre-based approach. Language Learning & Technology, 23(3), 161177. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44701Google Scholar
Guerrero‐Rodríguez, P., Lomicka Anderson, L., & Lord, G. (2022). SIFTR‐ing through the development of cultural awareness at home and abroad. Foreign Language Annals, 55(2), 435454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levet, S., & Tschudi, S. L. (2021). Open by Design: The Cultura Project. In Blyth, C. S. and Thoms, J. J. (Eds.), Open Education and Second Language Learning and Teaching (pp. 4768). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781800411005-004CrossRefGoogle Scholar

References

Agar, M. (1994). The intercultural frame. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18(2), 221237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aranha, S., & Wigham, C. R. (2020). Virtual exchanges as complex research environments: Facing the data management challenge. A case study of Teletandem Brasil. Journal of Virtual Exchange, 3, 1338. https://doi.org/10.21827/jve.3.35748CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belz, J. A. (2001). Institutional and individual dimensions of transatlantic group work in network-based language teaching. ReCALL, 13(2), 213231. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344001000726aCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belz, J. A. (2003). Linguistic perspectives on the development of intercultural competence in telecollaboration. Language Learning & Technology, 7(2), 6899. http://llt.msu.edu/vol7num3/belzGoogle Scholar
Belz, J. A. (2005). Intercultural questioning, discovery and tension in internet-mediated language learning partnerships. Language and Intercultural Communication, 5(1), 339. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708470508668881CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belz, J. A., & Thorne, S. L. (2005). Internet-mediated intercultural foreign language education and the intercultural speaker. Thomson Heinle.Google Scholar
Brammerts, H. (1996). Language learning in tandem using the internet. In Warschauer, M. (Ed.), Telecollaboration in foreign language learning (pp. 121130). University of Hawai’i Press.Google Scholar
Brammerts, H. (2006). Tandemberatung. Zeitschrift für interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht, 11(2).Google Scholar
Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence. Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1(1), 147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chanethom, V. (2020). Students’ attitudes toward critical telecollaboration: A case study in an L2/L3 French classroom. In Mather, P.-A. (Ed.), Technology-enhanced learning and linguistic diversity: Strategies and approaches to teaching students in a 2nd or 3rd language (pp. 105128). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83982-128-820201008Google Scholar
Chun, D. M. (2015). Language and culture learning in higher education via telecollaboration. Pedagogies: An International Journal, 10(1), 521. https://doi.org/10.1080/1554480X.2014.999775CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EVOLVE Project Team. (2020). The impact of virtual exchange on student learning in higher education: EVOLVE project report. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11370/d69d9923–8a9c-4b37–91c6–326ebbd14f17Google Scholar
Furstenberg, G., Levet, S., English, K., & Maillet, K. (2001). Giving a virtual voice to the silent language of culture: The Cultura project. Language learning & technology, 5(1), 55102.Google Scholar
Godwin-Jones, R. (2019). Telecollaboration as an approach to developing intercultural competence. Language Learning & Technology, 23(3), 828, http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44691.Google Scholar
Graddol, D. (2006). English next (Vol. 62). British Council.Google Scholar
Guth, S., & Helm, F. (2012). Developing multiliteracies in ELT through telecollaboration. ELT Journal, 66(1), 4251. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccr027CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez, B. F., Fortes, M., & Giralt, M. (2021). A virtual exchange between university students of tourism and business: Connecting languages and cultures through a sustainable tourism project. In Arnó, E., Aguilar, M., Borràs, J., Mancho, G., Moncada, B., & Tatzl, D. (Eds.), Proceedings of AELFE-TAPP 2021 (19th AELFE Conference, 2nd TAPP Conference. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya.Google Scholar
Helm, F. (2017). Critical approaches to online intercultural language education. In Thorne, S. L. & May, S. (Eds.), Language, education and technology (pp. 219231). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02237-6_18CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Helm, F., & van der Velden, B. (2020). Erasmus+ virtual exchange impact report 2019. https://europa.eu/youth/erasmusvirtual/impact-erasmus-virtual-exchange_enGoogle Scholar
Hymes, D. H. (1971). On communicative competence. University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Jager, S., Nissen, E., Helm, F., Baroni, A., & Rousset, I. (2019). Virtual exchange as innovative practice across Europe awareness and use in higher education. EVOLVE Project Baseline Study. Research Report. Evolve Project. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02495403/documentGoogle Scholar
Kirschner, P. A., & De Bruyckere, P. (2017). The myths of the digital native and the multitasker.Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 135142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kohn, K., & Hoffstaedter, P. (2017). Learner agency and non-native speaker identity in pedagogical lingua franca conversations: Insights from intercultural telecollaboration in foreign language education. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(5), 351367. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1304966CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramsch, C. (2014). Teaching foreign languages in an era of globalization: Introduction. The Modern Language Journal, 98(1), 296311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2014.12057.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leone, P., & Telles, J. (2016). The Teletandem Network. In O’Dowd, R. & Lewis, T. (Eds.), Online intercultural exchange: Policy, pedagogy, practice (pp. 241247). Routledge.Google Scholar
Lindner, R. (2011). ESAP students’ perceptions of skills learning in computer-mediated intercultural collaboration. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching, 1(2), 2542. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2011040103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindner, R. (2016). Developing communicative competence in global virtual teams: A multiliteracies approach to telecollaboration for students of business and economics. CASALC Review, 1(1), 144156.Google Scholar
Luo, H., & Gui, M. (2019). Developing an effective Chinese–American telecollaborative learning program: An action research study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(5–6), 609636. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1633355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacKinnon, T. (2021). Open Badges: Recognising learning through digital micro-credentials. In Beaven, T. & Rosell-Aguilar, F. (Eds.), Innovative language pedagogy report (pp. 5761). Research-publishing.net.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mullen, A., & Bortoluzzi, M. (2019). Assessing intercultural awareness: Reflection vs. interaction in telecollaboration. Lingue Linguaggi, 33, 211225.Google Scholar
Nissen, E., & Kurek, M. (2020). The impact of virtual exchange on teachers’ pedagogical competences and pedagogical approach in higher education. University of Groningen.Google Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (2011). Online foreign language interaction: Moving from the periphery to the core of foreign language education? Language Teaching, 44(3), 368380. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444810000194CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (2018). From telecollaboration to virtual exchange: State-of-the-art and the role of UNICollaboration in moving forward. Journal of Virtual Exchange, 1, 123. https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2018.jve.1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (2019). A transnational model of virtual exchange for global citizenship education. Language Teaching, 53(4), 477490. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444819000077CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R. (2021). What do students learn in virtual exchange? A qualitative content analysis of learning outcomes across multiple exchanges. International Journal of Educational Research, 109, 101804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2021.101804CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R., & Lewis, T. (Eds.). (2016). Online intercultural exchange: Policy, pedagogy, practice. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R., & Waire, P. (2009). Critical issues in telecollaborative task design. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(2), 173188. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220902778369CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dowd, R., Sauro, S., & Spector‐Cohen, E. (2020). The role of pedagogical mentoring in virtual exchange. TESOL Quarterly, 54(1), 146172. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.543CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Rourke, B. (2007). Models of telecollaboration (1): eTandem. In O’Dowd, R. (Ed.), Online intercultural exchange: An introduction for foreign language teachers (pp. 4161). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847690104-005Google Scholar
Porto, M. (2014). Intercultural citizenship education in an EFL online project in Argentina. Language and Intercultural Communication, 14(2), 245261. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2014.890625CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prensky, M. (2006). Don’t bother me, Mom, I’m learning!: How computer and video games are preparing your kids for 21st century success and how you can help! Paragon House.Google Scholar
Richardson, S. (2015). Cosmopolitan learning for a global era: Higher education in an interconnected world. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryshina-Pankova, M. (2018). Discourse moves and intercultural communicative competence in telecollaborative chats. Language Learning & Technology, 22(1), 218239. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/44588Google Scholar
Stevens Initiative. (2019). Virtual exchange impact and learning report 2019. www.stevensinitiative.org/resource/virtual-exchange-impact-and-learning-report/Google Scholar
Stevens Initiative. (2020). Virtual exchange impact and learning report 2020. www.stevensinitiative.org/resource/virtual-exchange-impact-and-learning-report-2/Google Scholar
The EVALUATE Group. (2019). Evaluating the impact of virtual exchange on initial teacher education: A European policy experiment. Research-publishing.net. https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2019.29.9782490057337Google Scholar
Valtonen, T., Pontinen, S., Kukkonen, J., Dillon, P., Väisänen, P., & Hacklin, S. (2011). Confronting the technological pedagogical knowledge of Finnish Net Generation student teachers. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 20(1), 318. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2010.534867CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warschauer, M. (1995). Virtual connections: Online activities & projects for networking language learners. University of Hawaii Press.Google Scholar

Further Reading

This book explores innovative virtual intercultural practices for language learning across different educational levels. It emphasizes the transversality of these practices throughout the language curriculum and the role of ELF in facilitating cultural exchanges. The authors present diverse educational exchanges using various technological tools, highlighting the interplay between technology, human interactions, and semiotic meanings.

This document is an invaluable resource for readers seeking a comprehensive understanding of the academic literature and research in the field of VE. This document serves as a useful guide for scholars, educators, and practitioners interested in exploring the potential of VE for educational and cross-cultural purposes.

Potolia, A., & Derivry-Plard, M. (Eds.). (2022). Virtual exchange for intercultural language learning and teaching: Fostering communication for the digital age. Routledge.Google Scholar
Stevens Initiative. (2020). 2020 annotated bibliography on virtual exchange research. www.stevensinitiative.org/resource/2020-annotated-bibliography-on-virtual-exchange-research/Google Scholar

References

Alghasab, M. (2016). The impact of EFL teachers’ mediation in wiki-mediated collaborative writing activities on student–student collaboration. In S. Papadima-Sophocleous, L. Bradley & S. Thouësny (Eds), CALL communities and culture: Short papers from EUROCALL 2016 (pp. 1–6). https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2016.eurocall2016.529Google Scholar
Alghasab, M., & Handley, Z. (2017). Capturing (non-)collaboration in wiki-mediated collaborative writing activities: The need to examine discussion posts and editing acts in tandem. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 30(7), 664691. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1341928CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alyousef, H., & Picard, M. (2011). Cooperative or collaborative literacy practices: Mapping metadiscourse in a business students’ wiki group project. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 27, 463480. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.955CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ansarimoghaddam, S., & Tan, B. H. (2013). Co-constructing an essay: Collaborative writing in class and on wiki. The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 19(1), 3550.Google Scholar
Ansarimoghaddam, S., Tan, B. H., & Yong, M. F. (2017). Collaboratively composing an argumentative essay: Wiki versus face–face interactions. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies, 17(2), 3353. https://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2017-1702-03CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnold, N., Ducate, L., & Kost, C. (2009). Collaborative writing in wikis: Insights from culture projects in German classes. In Lomicka, L. and Lord, G. (Eds.), The next generation: Social networking and online collaboration in foreign language learning (pp. 115144). CALICO Publications.Google Scholar
Arnold, N., Ducate, L., & Kost, C. (2012). Collaboration or cooperation? Analyzing group dynamics and revision processes in wikis. CALICO Journal, 29(3), 431448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aubrey, S. (2022). Dynamic engagement in second language computer-mediated collaborative writing tasks: Does communication mode matter? Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 12(1), 5986. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2022.12.1.4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aufa, F., & Storch, N. (2021). Learner interaction in blended collaborative writing activities. In Garcia Mayo, M. (Ed.), Working collaboratively in second/foreign language learning (pp. 151176). Walter de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511318-007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aydin, Z., & Yildiz, S. (2014). Using wikis to promote collaborative EFL writing. Language Learning & Technology, 18(1), 160180. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/february2014/aydinyildiz.pdfGoogle Scholar
Blyth, C. S. (2008). Research perspectives on online discourse in foreign language learning. In Magnan, S. S. (Ed.), Mediating discourse online (pp. 4770). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonk, C. J., Lee, M. M., Kim, N., & Lin, M.-F. G. (2009). The tensions of transformation in three cross-institutional wikibook projects. Internet and Higher Education, 12, 126135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2009.04.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bosworth, K., & Hamilton, S. (1994). Collaborative learning underlying processes and effective techniques. Calif Jossey-Bass.Google Scholar
Brandl, K. (2021). Communicative language teaching in action: Putting principles to work. Cognella Academic Publishing.Google Scholar
Chao, Y. C. J., & Lo, H. C. (2009). Students’ perceptions of wiki-based collaborative writing for learners of English as a foreign language. Interactive Learning Environments, 19(4), 395411. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820903298662CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cronin, J. (2009). Upgrading to 2.0: An experiential project to build a marketing wiki. Journal of Marketing Education, 31, 6675. www.learntechlib.org/p/64908/CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, D. (2011). Internet linguistics: A student guide. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Damon, W., & Phelps, E. (1989). Critical distinctions among three approaches to peer education. International Journal of Educational Research, 13(1), 919. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-0355(89)90013-XCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennen, V. P., & Hoadley, C. (2013). Designing collaborative learning through computer support. In Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Chinn, C. A., Chan, C. K. K., & O’Donnell, A. M. (Eds.), The international handbook of collaborative learning (pp. 389402). Routledge.Google Scholar
Dillenbourg, P. (1999). What do you mean by collaborative learning? In Dillenbourg, P. (Ed.), Collaborative learning: Cognitive and computational approaches (pp. 119). Elsevier.Google Scholar
Dobao, F. A., & Blum, A. (2013). Collaborative writing in pairs and small groups: Learners’ attitudes and perceptions. System, 41(2), 365378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2013.02.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ducate, L., Lomicka Anderson, L., & Moreno, N. (2011). Wading through the world of wikis: An analysis of three wiki projects. Foreign Language Annals, 44(3), 495524. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2011.01144.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elabdali, R. (2016). Wiki-based collaborative creative writing in the ESL classroom (Unpublished master’s thesis). Portland State University, Portland, Oregon. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5269CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elabdali, R., & Arnold, N. (2020). Group dynamics across interaction modes in L2 collaborative wiki writing. Computers and Composition, 58, 102607 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compcom.2020.102607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elola, I., & Oskoz, A. (2010). Collaborative writing: Fostering foreign language and writing conventions development. Language Learning & Technology, 14(3), 5171.Google Scholar
Elola, I., & Oskoz, A. (2017). Writing with 21st century social tools in the L2 classroom: New literacies, genres, and writing practices. Journal of Second Language Writing, 26, 5260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2017.04.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, F., Kollar, I., Stegmann, K., Wecker, C., Zottmann, J., & Weinberger, A. (2013). Collaboration scripts in computer-supported collaborative learning. In Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Chinn, C. A., Chan, C. K. K. & O’Donnell, A. M. (Eds.), The international handbook of collaborative learning (pp. 403419). Routledge.Google Scholar
Forman, E. A., & Cazden, C. B. (1985). Exploring Vygotskian perspectives in education: The cognitive value of peer interaction. In Wertsch, J. V. (Ed.), Culture, communication and cognition: Vygotskian perspectives (pp. 323347). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Godwin-Jones, R. (2003). Blogs and wikis: Environments for online collaboration. Language Learning & Technology, 7(2), 1216.Google Scholar
Goertler, S. (2012). Theoretical and empirical foundations for blended language learning. In Rubio, F. and Thoms, J. (Eds.), The American Association of University Supervisors, Coordinators and Directors of Foreign Languages Programs (AAUSC), Issues in Language Program Direction: Hybrid Language Teaching and Learning – Exploring Theoretical, Pedagogical and Curricular Issues (pp. 2749). Heinle Cengage.Google Scholar
Grosbois, M. (2016). Computer supported collaborative writing and language learning. In Farr, F. & Murray, L. (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of language learning and technology (pp. 269280). Routledge.Google Scholar
Hyland, K. (2019). Second language writing (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kennedy, C., & Miceli, T. (2013). In piazza online: Exploring the use of wikis with beginner foreign language learners. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 26(5), 389411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2013.770035CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, G. (2009). Student-initiated attention to form in wiki-based collaborative writing. Language Learning & Technology, 13(1), 7995. http://dx.doi.org/10125/44169Google Scholar
Kessler, G., & Bikowski, D. (2010). Developing collaborative autonomous learning abilities in computer mediated language learning: Attention to meaning among students in wiki space. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 23(1), 4158. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220903467335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, G., Bikowski, D., & Boggs, J. (2012). Collaborative writing among second language learners in academic web-based projects. Language Learning & Technology, 16(1), 91109.Google Scholar
Kim, Y. (2008). The contribution of collaborative and individual tasks to the acquisition of L2 vocabulary. The Modern Language Journal, 92, 114130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2008.00690.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kost, C. (2011). Investigating writing strategies and revision behavior in collaborative wiki projects. CALICO Journal, 28(3), 606620. https://doi.org/10.11139/cj.28.3.606-620CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramsch, C. (2009). The multilingual subject. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lee, H., & Wang, P. (2013). Discussing the factors contributing to students’ involvement in an EFL collaborative wiki project. ReCALL, 25(2), 233249. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0958344013000025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, L. (2010). Exploring wiki-mediated collaborative writing: A case study in an elementary Spanish course. CALICO Journal, 27(2), 260276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, M. (2021). Participation and interaction in wiki-based collaborative writing: An activity theory perspective. In Garcia Mayo, M. (Ed.), Working collaboratively in second/foreign language learning (pp. 151176). Walter de Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511318-010Google Scholar
Li, M., & Kim, D. (2016). One wiki, two groups: Dynamic interactions across ESL collaborative writing tasks. Journal of Second Language Writing, 31, 2542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2016.01.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, M., & Zhu, W. (2013). Patterns of computer-mediated interaction in small writing groups using wikis. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 26(1), 6182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2011.631142CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, M., & Zhu, W. (2017). Explaining dynamic interactions in wiki-based collaborative writing. Language Learning and Technology, 21(2), 96120. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/june2017/lizhu.pdfGoogle Scholar
Lin, H., & Kelsey, K. (2009). Building a networked environment in wikis: The evolving phases of collaborative learning in a Wikibook project. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 40(2), 145169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liou, H., & Lee, S. (2011). How wiki-based writing influences college students’ collaborative and individual composing products, processes, and learners’ perceptions. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 4561. http://doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2011010104CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, S. H. H., & Lan, Y. J. (2016). Social constructivist approach to web-based EFL learning: Collaboration, motivation, and perception on the use of Google Docs. Educational Technology and Society, 19(1), 171186.Google Scholar
Loewen, S., & Sato, M. (2018). Interaction and instructed second language acquisition. Language Teaching, 51(3), 285329. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444818000125CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, M. (1985). Input and second language acquisition theory. In Gass, S. & Madden, C. G. (Eds.), Input in second language acquisition (pp. 377393). Newbury House.Google Scholar
Lund, A. (2008). Wikis: A collective approach to language production. ReCALL, 20(1), 3554. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344008000414CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lund, A. (2013). Collaboration unpacked: Tasks, tools, and activities. In Meskill, C. (Ed.), Online teaching and learning: Sociocultural perspectives (pp. 7798). Bloomsburg Academic.Google Scholar
Mak, B., & Coniam, D. (2008). Using wikis to enhance and develop writing skills among secondary school students in Hong Kong. System, 36(3), 437455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mashek, D. (2021, June 23). Opinion: College graduates lack preparation in the skill most valued by employers – collaboration. The Hechinger Report. https://hechingerreport.org/opinion-college-graduates-lack-preparation-in-the-skill-most-valued-by-employers-collaboration/Google Scholar
Mondahl, M., & Razmerita, L. (2014). Social media, collaboration, and social learning: A case-study of foreign language learning. The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 12(4), 339352.Google Scholar
Moonma, J. (2021). Comparing collaborative writing activity in EFL classroom: Face-to-face collaborative writing versus online collaborative writing using Google Docs. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 7(4), 204215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nostratinia, M., & Nikpanjeh, N. (2015). Promoting foreign language learners’ writing: Comparing the impact of oral conferencing and collaborative writing. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(11), 22182229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ozkan, M. (2015). Wikis and blogs in foreign language learning from the perspectives of learners. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 192, 672678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oskoz, A., & Elola, I. (2011). Meeting at the wiki: The new arena for collaborative writing in foreign language courses. In Lee, M. J. W. & MacLoughlin, C. (Eds.), Web 2.0-based e-learning: Applying social informatics for tertiary teaching (pp. 209227). IGI Global.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oskoz, A., & Elola, I. (2012). Understanding the impact of social tools in the FL classroom: Activity theory at work. In Kessler, G., Oskoz, A. & Elola, I. (Eds.), Technology across writing contexts and tasks (pp. 131153). CALICO Publications.Google Scholar
Oskoz, A., & Elola, I. (2014). Promoting FL collaborative writing through the use of Web 2.0 tools. In Lloret, M. & Ortega, L. (Eds.), Technology and tasks: Exploring technology-mediated TBLT (pp. 115147). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pellet, S. (2012). Wikis for building content knowledge in the foreign language classroom. CALICO Journal, 29(2), 224248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pintrich, P. R. (2000). Educational psychology at the millennium: A look back and a look forward. Educational Psychologist, 35(4), 221226. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3504_01CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2002). Patterns of interaction in ESL pair work. Language Learning, 52(1), 119158. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9922.00179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2005). Collaborative writing: Product, process, and students’ reflections. Journal of Second Language Writing, 14(3), 153173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2005.05.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2012). Collaborative writing as a site for L2 learning in face-to-face and online modes. In Kessler, G., Oskoz, A., & Elola, I. (Eds.), Teaching across writing contexts and tasks (pp. 113129). CALICO.Google Scholar
Storch, N. (2017). Sociocultural theory in the L2 classroom. In Loewen, S. & Sato, M. (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of instructed second language acquisition (pp. 6984). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315676968CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2019). Collaborative writing. Language Teaching, 52(1), 4059. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444818000320CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2021). Collaborative writing: Promoting languaging among language learners. In Mayo, M. M. (Ed.), Working collaboratively in second/foreign language learning (pp. 1334). Walter de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swain, M. (2006). Languaging, agency and collaboration in advanced language proficiency. In Byrnes, H. (Ed.), Advanced language learning: The contribution of Halliday and Vygotsky (pp. 95108). Continuum.Google Scholar
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2002). Talking it through: Two French immersion learners’ responses to reformulation. International Journal of Educational Research, 37, 285304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883–0355(03)00006-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
U.S. Department of Education/Office of Vocational and Adult Education. (2013). College and career readiness standards for adult education. http://lincs.ed.gov/publications/pdf/CCRStandardsAdultEd.pdfGoogle Scholar
van Lier, L. (2004). The ecology and semiotics of language learning: A sociocultural perspective. Kluwer. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7912-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viégas, F. B., Wattenberg, M., & Dave, K. (2004). Studying cooperation and conflict between authors with history flow visualizations. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 575–582). http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/985692.985765CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villarreal, I., & Munarriz-Ibarrola, M. (2021). “Together we do better”: The effect of pair and group work on young EFL learners’ written texts and attitudes. In M. P. García Mayo (Ed.), Working collaboratively in second/foreign language learning (pp. 89116). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501511318-005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Wang, Y. (2014). Promoting collaborative writing through wikis: A new approach for advancing innovative and active learning in an ESP context. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 28(6), 499512. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2014.881386CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiki. (2024, September 20). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiGoogle Scholar
Yaden, B., & Blaine, P. (2007). How to wiki in Moodle or Sakai. The IALLT Journal, 39(1), 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, L. (2014). Using online annotations in collaborative reading activities with elementary-aged Taiwanese learners of English. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.Google Scholar
Zhang, M. (2022). A re-examination of pair dynamics and L2 learning opportunities in collaborative writing. Language Teaching Research, 26(1), 1033. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168819890949CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zorko, V. (2009). Factors affecting the way students collaborate in a wiki for English language learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 25(5). https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.1113CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zou, B., Wang, D., & Xing, M. (2016). Collaborative tasks in wiki-based environment in EFL learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(5), 10011018. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2015.1121878CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Further Reading

This article started looking at synchronous interactions between collaborators and how learners approached the writing task in addition to examining the writing products.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to L2 writing pedagogy and covers issues of assessment, task and course design, feedback, and technology.

This study documented examples where learners paid more attention to the meanings within the text than forms in a group-based wiki writing task.

This is the first article where the terms mutuality and equality are used to describe patterns of interaction during collaborative work.

Elola, I., & Oskoz, A. (2010). Collaborative writing: Fostering foreign language and writing conventions development. Language Learning & Technology, 14(3), 5171.Google Scholar
Hyland, K. (2019). Second language writing (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kessler, G., & Bikowski, D. (2010). Developing collaborative autonomous learning abilities in computer mediated language learning: Attention to meaning among students in wiki space. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 23(1), 4158. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220903467335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storch, N. (2002). Patterns of interaction in ESL pair work. Language Learning, 52(1), 119158. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9922.00179CrossRefGoogle Scholar

References

Al-Hoorie, A. H. (2017). Sixty years of language motivation research: Looking back and looking forward. SAGE Open, 7(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017701976CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allwright, D., & Hanks, J. (2009). The developing language learner: An introduction to exploratory practice. Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banegas, D. L., & Consoli, S. (2019). Action research in language education. In Mckinley, J. & Rose, H. (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of research methods in applied linguistics (pp. 176187). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron, N. S. (2008). Always on: Language in an online and mobile world. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bax, S. (2003). CALL: Past, present and future. System, 31(1), 1328.Google Scholar
Beatty, K. (2013). Teaching and researching: Computer-assisted language learning (2nd ed.). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blommaert, J., & Rampton, B. (2012). Language and superdiversity. MMG Working Paper (Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity), 12(05). http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:1615144:3/component/escidoc:1615143/WP_12-09_Concept-Paper_SLD.pdfGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, P. (1977). Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
boyd, d. (2014). It’s complicated: The social lives of networked teens. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Castells, M. (1996). The rise of the network society (Vol. 1). Padstow: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Cheung, A. (2021). Language teaching during a pandemic: A case study of Zoom use by a secondary ESL teacher in Hong Kong. RELC Journal, 54(1), 5570. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688220981784CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, A. B., & Sumara, D. J. (2006). Complexity and education: Inquiries into learning, teaching and research. Routledge.Google Scholar
DeWitt, D., & Alias, N. (2019). Computers in education in developing countries: Managerial issues. In Tatnall, A. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of education and information technologies (pp. 111). Springer International Publishing.Google Scholar
Dörnyei, Z., & Ushioda, E. (2021). Teaching and researching: Motivation (3rd ed.). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dörnyei, Z., MacIntyre, P., & Henry, A. (Eds.). (2015). Motivational dynamics in language learning. Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Ferdig, R. E., Baumgartner, E., Hartshorne, R., Kaplan-Rakowski, R., & Mouza, C. (2020). Teaching, technology, and teacher education during the COVID-19 pandemic: Stories from the field. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.Google Scholar
Gkonou, C., & Mercer, S. (2017). Understanding emotional and social intelligence among English language teachers. The British Council.Google Scholar
Graddol, D. (2006). English next: Why global English may mean the end of “English as a foreign language.” British Council.Google Scholar
Hanks, J. (2017). Exploratory practice in language teaching: Puzzling about principles and practices. Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, A. (2013). Digital games and ELT: Bridging the authenticity gap. In Ushioda, E. (Ed.), International perspectives on motivation (pp. 133155). Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, A. (2019). Online media creation and L2 motivation: A socially situated perspective. TESOL Quarterly, 53(2), 372404. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.485CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, A., & Cliffordson, C. (2017). The impact of out-of-school factors on motivation to learn English: Self-discrepancies, beliefs, and experiences of self-authenticity. Applied Linguistics, 38(5), 713736. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amv060CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, A., & Lamb, M. (2020). L2 motivation and digital technologies. In Lamb, M., Csizér, K., Henry, A., & Ryan, S. (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of motivation for language learning (pp. 599619). Palgrave.Google Scholar
Henry, A., & Thorsen, C. (2019). Engagement with technology: Gaming, immersion and sub-optimal experiences. Technology in Language Teaching & Learning, 1(2), 5267. https://doi.org/10.29140/tltl.v1n2.202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, M., Carroll, F., Cunliffe, D., & Kop, R. (2018). Learning a minority language through authentic conversation using an online social learning method. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 31(4), 321345. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2017.1395348CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hesketh, A. J., & Selwyn, N. (1999). Surfing to school: The electronic reconstruction of institutional identities. Oxford Review of Education, 25(4), 501520.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiver, P., Al-Hoorie, A. H., & Mercer, S. (Eds.). (2021). Student engagement in the language classroom. Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. Educause Review, 27, 115.Google Scholar
Hubbard, P., & Levy, M. (Eds.). (2006). Teacher education in CALL. John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, H., Ford, S., & Green, J. (2013). Spreadable media: Creating value and meaning in a networked culture. New York University Press.Google Scholar
Kessler, G. (2006). Assessing CALL teacher training: What are we doing and what could we do better? In Hubbard, P. & Levy, M. (Eds.), Teacher education in CALL (pp. 2342). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, G. (2007). Formal and informal CALL preparation and teacher attitude toward technology. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 20(2), 173188. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220701331394CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography: Redefined (2nd ed.). Sage.Google Scholar
Lamb, M. (2017). The motivational dimension of language teaching. Language Teaching, 50(3), 301346. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444817000088CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2017). Complexity theory: The lessons continue. In Ortega, L. & Han, Z. (Eds.), Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman (Vol. 48, pp. 1150). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, M., & Hubbard, P. (2005). Why call CALL “CALL”? Computer Assisted Language Learning, 18(3), 143149. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588220500208884CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacIntyre, P., MacKay, E., Ross, J., & Abel, E. (2017). The emerging need for methods appropriate to study dynamic systems: Individual differences in motivational dynamics. In Ortega, L. & Han, Z. (Eds.), Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman (Vol. 48, pp. 97122). John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, S., & Walsh, S. (2017). Reflective practice in English language teaching: Research-based principles and practices. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marwick, A. E., & boyd, d. (2010). I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media & Society, 13(1), 114133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810365313CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, M. (Ed.). (2008). Complexity theory and the philosophy of education (Vol. 40). Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michel, J. B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., Google Books, T., Pickett, J. P., Hoiberg, D., Clancy, D., Norvig, P., Orwant, J., Pinker, S., Nowak, M. A., & Aiden, E. L. (2011). Quantitative analysis of culture using millions of digitized books. Science, 331(6014), 176182. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199644CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milner, R. M. (2016). The world made meme: Public conversations and participatory media. MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nunan, D., & Richards, J. C. (Eds.). (2015). Language learning beyond the classroom. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pink, S., Horst, H., Postill, J., Hjorth, L., Lewis, T., & Tacchi, J. (2016). Digital ethnography: Principles and practice. Springer.Google Scholar
Pinner, R. S. (2019a). Augmented communication: The effect of digital devices on face-to-face interactions. Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinner, R. S. (2019b). Social authentication and teacher–student motivational synergy: A narrative of language teaching. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pinner, R. S. (2021). The complexity lens: Autoethnography and practitioner research to examine classroom dynamics. In Sampson, R. J. & Pinner, R. S. (Eds.), Complexity perspectives on researching language learner and teacher psychology (pp. 208233). Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
Reedy, K., & Parker, J. (2018). Digital literacy unpacked. Facet.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinders, H. (Ed.). (2012). Digital games in language learning and teaching. Palgrave Macmillan. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learningCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romele, A. (2020). Technological capital: Bourdieu, postphenomenology, and the philosophy of technology beyond the empirical turn. Philosophy & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-020-00398-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, R. J. (2018). The feeling classroom: Diversity of feelings in instructed L2 learning. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 14(3), 203217. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2018.1553178CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, R. J., & Pinner, R. S. (Eds.). (2021). Complexity perspectives on researching language learner and teacher psychology. Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selwyn, N. (2004). Reconsidering political and popular understandings of the digital divide. New Media & Society, 6(3), 341362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, H., Díaz Andrade, A., & Techatassanasoontorn, A. A. (2018). The practice of ICT-enabled development. Information Technology for Development, 24(1), 3762. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2017.1283284CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockwell, G. (2013). Technology and motivation in English-language teaching and learning. In Ushioda, E. (Ed.), International perspectives on motivation: Language learning and professional challenges (pp. 156175). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137000873_9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockwell, G., & Reinders, H. (2019). Technology, motivation and autonomy, and teacher psychology in language learning: Exploring the myths and possibilities. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 39, 4051. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190519000084CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sundqvist, P. (2016). Gaming and young language learners. In Farr, F. & Murray, L. (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of language learning and technology (pp. 472484). Routledge.Google Scholar
Sundqvist, P. (2019). The motivational affordances of ICT. In Henry, A., Sundqvist, P., & Thorsen, C. (Eds.), Motivational practice: Insights from the classroom (pp. 187226). Studentlitteratur.Google Scholar
Tang, L., & Yang, P. (2011). Symbolic power and the internet: The power of a “horse.” Media, Culture & Society, 33(5), 675691. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443711404462CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ushioda, E. (2011a). Language learning motivation, self and identity: Current theoretical perspectives. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(3), 199210. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2010.538701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ushioda, E. (2011b). Motivating learners to speak as themselves. In Murray, G., Gao, X., & Lamb, T. E. (Eds.), Identity, motivation and autonomy in language learning (pp. 1125). Multilingual Matters.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ushioda, E. (2011c). Why autonomy? Insights from motivation theory and research. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 5(2), 221232. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2011.577536CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ushioda, E. (2020). Language learning motivation. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
van Dijk, J. (2012). The network society (Third ed.). Sage.Google Scholar
van Dijk, J. A., & van Deursen, A. J. (2014). Digital skills: Unlocking the information society. Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Vannini, P., & Burgess, S. (2009). Authenticity as motivation and aesthetic experience. In Vannini, P. & Williams, J. P. (Eds.), Authenticity in culture, self, and society (pp. 103120). Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
Weigert, A. J. (2009). Self authenticity as master motive. In Vannini, P. & Williams, J. P. (Eds.), Authenticity in culture, self, and society (pp. 3750). Ashgate Publishing.Google Scholar
Zee, M., & Koomen, H. M. Y. (2016). Teacher self-efficacy and its effects on classroom processes, student academic adjustment, and teacher well-being: A synthesis of 40 years of research. Review of Educational Research, 86(4), 9811015. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626801CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Further Reading

In this book, the editors and chapter authors look at how CALL will become more effective by moving toward a “Smart” model of the learning environment, which utilizes the interconnectedness of digital devices and their ability to share data and information across platforms in a streamlined manner. The volume emphasizes the importance of personalization, contextualization, and socialization, which are linked to motivating factors.

This book provides an accessible, thorough, and yet concise overview of the current field of motivation in relation to language teaching and research. It is very practical and yet misses none of the most important history nor current thought on language learning motivation. A must-have for anyone interested in the subject.

A short but extremely thorough chapter outlining the principle concerns of motivation and technology in language teaching. The book examines many of the principles that currently influence technology implementation and that provided much of the starting ground for this current chapter.

Colpaert, J., & Stockwell, G. (2022). Smart CALL: Personalization, contextualization and socialization. Castledown.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dörnyei, Z., & Ushioda, E. (2021). Teaching and researching: Motivation (3rd ed.). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, A., & Lamb, M. (2020). L2 motivation and digital technologies. In Lamb, M., Csizér, K., Henry, A., & Ryan, S. (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of motivation for language learning (pp. 599619). Palgrave.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Social Aspects
  • Edited by Glenn Stockwell, Waseda University, Japan, Yijen Wang, Waseda University, Japan
  • Book: The Cambridge Handbook of Technology in Language Teaching and Learning
  • Online publication: 15 June 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009294850.017
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Social Aspects
  • Edited by Glenn Stockwell, Waseda University, Japan, Yijen Wang, Waseda University, Japan
  • Book: The Cambridge Handbook of Technology in Language Teaching and Learning
  • Online publication: 15 June 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009294850.017
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Social Aspects
  • Edited by Glenn Stockwell, Waseda University, Japan, Yijen Wang, Waseda University, Japan
  • Book: The Cambridge Handbook of Technology in Language Teaching and Learning
  • Online publication: 15 June 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009294850.017
Available formats
×