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Chapter 16 - From Theory to Practice (Mid-45 through March 44)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2025

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Summary

Cicero continues his philosophical writing with a cosmological work, On the Universe, which he seems to have abandoned in favor of the dialogue On the Nature of the Gods, which set out and refuted the theologies of the Epicureans and Stoics. This was supplemented by On Divination, a dialogue between Cicero and his brother, Quintus. He also wrote the short dialogue On Old Age to honor his friend Atticus on his sixty-fifth birthday. His last quasi-forensic speech was a defense before Caesar of the Galatian tetrarch Deiotarus; the matter was still pending at Caesar’s death. He continued to attend meetings of the senate but was privately critical of the hollowing out of republican institutions under Caesar’s dictatorship. Caesar’s assassination on the Ides of March raised brief hopes of a return to republican patterns of government, but Mark Antony, who had been Caesar’s co-consul, was quickly able to reassert control.

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Cicero
The Man and His Works
, pp. 589 - 615
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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