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2 - Basics of machine learning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2025

Anna Dawid
Affiliation:
Uniwersytet Warszawski, Poland
Julian Arnold
Affiliation:
Universität Basel, Switzerland
Borja Requena
Affiliation:
ICFO - The Institute of Photonic Sciences
Alexander Gresch
Affiliation:
Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
Marcin Płodzień
Affiliation:
ICFO - The Institute of Photonic Sciences
Kaelan Donatella
Affiliation:
Université de Paris VII (Denis Diderot)
Kim A. Nicoli
Affiliation:
University of Bonn
Paolo Stornati
Affiliation:
ICFO - The Institute of Photonic Sciences
Rouven Koch
Affiliation:
Aalto University, Finland
Miriam Büttner
Affiliation:
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany
Robert Okuła
Affiliation:
Gdańsk University of Technology
Gorka Muñoz-Gil
Affiliation:
Universität Innsbruck, Austria
Rodrigo A. Vargas-Hernández
Affiliation:
McMaster University, Ontario
Alba Cervera-Lierta
Affiliation:
Centro Nacional de Supercomputación
Juan Carrasquilla
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
Vedran Dunjko
Affiliation:
Universiteit Leiden
Marylou Gabrié
Affiliation:
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Evert van Nieuwenburg
Affiliation:
Universiteit Leiden
Filippo Vicentini
Affiliation:
Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Lei Wang
Affiliation:
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
Sebastian J. Wetzel
Affiliation:
University of Waterloo, Ontario
Giuseppe Carleo
Affiliation:
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Eliška Greplová
Affiliation:
Technische Universiteit Delft, The Netherlands
Roman Krems
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia, Vancouver
Florian Marquardt
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für die Wissenschaft des Lichts
Michał Tomza
Affiliation:
Uniwersytet Warszawski
Maciej Lewenstein
Affiliation:
ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences
Alexandre Dauphin
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciencias Fotónicas
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Summary

In this chapter, we describe basic machine learning concepts connected to optimization and generalization. Moreover, we present a probabilistic view on machine learning that enables us to deal with uncertainty in the predictions we make. Finally, we discuss various basic machine learning models such as support vector machines, neural networks, autoencoders, and autoregressive neural networks. Together, these topics form the machine learning preliminaries needed for understanding the contents of the rest of the book.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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