Como desde hace cierto tiempo se está pensando en una posible revisión de los Estatutos de la Cruz Roja Internacional de 1952 y del Acuerdo entre el CICR y la Liga de 1969–1974, la Revista Internacional consideró que sería interesante y útil pedir al señor André Durand, ex delegado del CICR e historiador, autor del segundo tomo «De Sarajevo á Hiroshima», de la Historia del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja, que escribiera un artículo sobre la historia de los Estatutos y del Acuerdo. El lector encontrará en ese trabajo los acontecimientos, las diversas concepciones y las experiencias vividas por nuestros predecesores, que motivaron el origen y marcaron las sucesivas etapas de la redacción y la evolución de esos textos.

Los primeros estatutos de la Cruz Roja Internacional datan de 1928. Hasta esa fecha, la obra internacional de la Cruz Roja no disponía de una constitución.

Les Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 prévoient comme moyen général d'identification du personnel et du matériel sanitaires le signe distinctif de la croix rouge ou du croissant rouge. La IIe Convention de Genève, applicable aux victimes des conflits sur mer, précise en plus la couleur blanche pour les surfaces extérieures des navires hôpitaux et embarcations sanitaires et elle recommande aux parties en conflit d'utiliser «les méthodes les plus modernes” pour faciliter l'identification des moyens de transport sanitaires maritimes (article 43).

On 12 March 1984 the Republic of South Africa, a State party to the Geneva Conventions, deposited with the Swiss Government the following communication dated 24 February 1984:

Accession to the aforementioned Geneva Conventions and Protocols is governed by an identically worded article which stipulates that “From the date of its coming into force, it shall be open to any Power in whose name the present Convention has not been signed, to accede to this Convention”.

The Convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their destruction, of 13 January 1993 (Chemical Weapons Convention - CWC) enters into force on 29 April 1997, following the deposit by Hungary on 31 October 1996 of the 65th instrument of ratification. This landmark Convention complements and reinforces the 1925 Geneva Protocol prohibiting the use of chemical and biological weapons by also banning the development, production and stockpiling of chemical weapons — as well as their use — and requiring the destruction of existing stockpiles. The 1925 Geneva Protocol was adopted following a dramatic appeal against chemical warfare by the ICRC at the end of the First World War. The Biological Weapons Convention, in force since 1975, has outlawed the development, production and stockpiling of these weapons.

The oldest of the international conventions concerning the prohibition of the employment of certain weapons, that is to say deriving from that part of the law of war, sometimes known as the “law of The Hague”, to distinguish it from the “law of Geneva”, will be a hundred years old this month: the Declaration of St. Petersburg of November 29—December 11, 1868.

Florence Nightingale and Henry Dunant are two names which are associated in much that has been written about the Red Cross and army medical services. Only seldom are their outstanding personalities contrasted. Where does the truth lie? In similarity or difference? Let us try to sort things out.

Over the last decade, social and behaviour change strategies have increasingly been used to address human rights and child protection concerns, including harmful practices such as child marriage, female genital mutilation and violent discipline. Social and gender norms have also been recognized as key drivers of child recruitment. Nonetheless, the use of social and behaviour change strategies to prevent and respond to the recruitment and use of children in armed conflict has not yet been systematically explored or applied. Building on academic and practical sources, including findings from studies by the International Committee of the Red Cross and United Nations University, social and behavioural science theory, experiences from the Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism on grave violations against children, and academic literature, this article explores how social and behaviour change approaches can inform prevention of and response to the recruitment and use of children in armed conflict. The article concludes that social and behaviour change approaches can effectively inform prevention and reintegration efforts and can facilitate responses that bridge the humanitarian, development and peace nexus. Using social and behaviour change approaches can help to reveal why children are recruited from the perspective of key actors and entities across the socio-ecological framework in order to prevent the practice from becoming more accepted.