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from Section III - Ovarian Cancer
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 July 2023
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have attracted attention recently and have received fast-track approvals from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in multiple cancer types, including cervical cancer and endometrial cancer. Normally, the expression of immune checkpoint receptors such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) on T cells provides negative feedback mechanisms to prevent autoimmunity. Multiple cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), exploit these mechanisms to inhibit T cell activation, allowing them to escape immune detection. ICIs block immune checkpoint receptors, allowing for unchecked activation of cancer-targeted T cells leading to tumor cell destruction. Despite the success in various other cancer types, there are no approved immune therapies for ovarian cancer, as response of EOC to ICIs thus far have been modest.
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