Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T08:00:35.316Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 19 - Eating and Drinking Difficulties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2024

David M. L. Branford
Affiliation:
Independent Pharmacy Consultant
Satheesh K. Gangadharan
Affiliation:
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
Mary Barrett
Affiliation:
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
Regi T. Alexander
Affiliation:
Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust
Get access

Summary

Eating and drinking difficulties are highly prevalent in the intellectual disability population and include all aspects of the eating and drinking process. This can include stable positioning and pacing the meal all the way through to safe swallowing. Dysphagia is a subset of wider eating and drinking difficulties, often seen in the intellectual disability population. Dysphagia presents as a difficulty chewing and swallowing. It is often the underlying cause of malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, choking, and aspiration pneumonia, with risks to mental health, social isolation, dignity, and enjoyment. A deterioration in eating and drinking skills is often a symptom of a broader physical and mental health diagnosis. People with eating and drinking difficulties can also experience a cyclical decline in health and an increased risk of malnutrition and dehydration. In addition to eating and drinking difficulties this chapter covers surgical intervention requiring insertion of a gastric tube, the impact of medication on feeding, and strategies to manage eating and drinking difficulties.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aaronson, J. K. (ed.) (2016) Meyler’s side effects of drugs: The international Encyclopaedia of adverse drug reactions and Interactions, 16th ed. www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780444537164/meylers-side-effects-of-drugs.Google Scholar
Beetz, R. (2003) Mild dehydration: a risk factor of urinary tract infection? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 57 Suppl 2, S52S58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Belfast Health and Social Care Trust Help stop Choking resources. Resources | Help Stop Choking (hscni.net).Google Scholar
Boyce, H. W., & Bakheet, M. R. (2005) Sialorrhea: A review of a vexing, often unrecognized sign of oropharyngeal and oesophageal disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. Feb; 39(2), 8997.Google Scholar
Chadwick, D. D., Jolliffe, J. A. (2009) Descriptive investigation of dysphagia in adults with intellectual disabilities. JIDR; 53(1), 2943.Google ScholarPubMed
Cichero, JA. (2013) Thickening agents used for dysphagia management: effect on bioavailability of water, medication and feelings of satiety. Nutr J. May; 1(12), 54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erasmus, C. E. et al. (2009) Drooling in cerebral Palsy: hypersalivation or dysfunctional oral motor control? Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 51(6).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feinberg, M. J., Knebl, J., Tully, J., & Segall, L. (1990) Aspiration and the elderly. Dysphagia; 5, 6171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finlayson, J., Morrison, J., Jackson, A., Mantry, D., Cooper, S. A. (2010) Injuries, falls and accidents among adults with intellectual disabilities. Prospective cohort study.J Intellect Disabil ResNov; 54(11), 966–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Gupte, T., Knack, A. & Cramer, J. D. (2022) Mortality from aspiration pneumonia: Incidence, trends, and risk factors. Dysphagia; 37, 1493–500.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hampshire County Council (2018). Reducing the risk of choking for people with learning disability. A multi-agency review in Hampshire. https://documents.hants.gov.uk/adultservices/safeguarding/Reducingtheriskofchokingforpeoplewithalearningdisability.pdf.Google Scholar
Harvey, A. R., Baker, L. B., Reddihough, D., Scheinberg, A., & Williams, K. (2018) Trihexyphenidyl for dystonia in cerebral palsy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD012430. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012430.pub2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Health and Care of People with learning disabilities (n.d.) General practice data dashboards – NHS Digital. https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-tools-and-services/data-services/general-practice-data-hub.Google Scholar
Heslop, P., Calkin, R., Byrne, V., Huxor, A., & Gielnik, K. (2019) The learning disabilities mortality review (LeDeR) programme, Annual Report Bristol University.Google Scholar
Hibberd, J., Fraser, J., Chapman, C., et al. (2013) Can we use influencing factors to predict aspiration pneumonia in the United Kingdom?. Multidiscip Respir Med; 8, 39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) (2019) IDDSI – IDDSI Framework. https://iddsi.org/Framework.Google Scholar
Jongerius, P. H., van Tiel, P., van Limbeek, J., Gabreëls, F. J., & Rotteveel, J. J. (2003) A systematic review for evidence of efficacy of anticholinergic drugs to treat drooling. Arch Dis Child. Oct; 88(10), 911–14. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.88.10.911. PMID: 14500313; PMCID: PMC1719306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
King, l., Maya, A. & Lazenby-Paterson, T. (2023) Position statement on the use of thickened fluids in the management of people with swallowing difficulties. www.rcslt.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Position-statement-thickened-fluids-1.pdf.Google Scholar
Lakraj, A. A., Moghimi, N., & Jabbari, B. (2013) Sialorrhea: Anatomy, pathophysiology and treatment with emphasis on the role of botulinum toxins. Toxins (Basel). May 21; 5(5), 1010–31.Google ScholarPubMed
Langmore, S. E., Skarupski, K. A., Park, P. S., Fries, B. E. (2002) Predictors of aspiration pneumonia in nursing home residents. Dysphagia. Fall; 17(4), 298307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Langmore, S., Terpenning, M., Schork, A., et al. (1998) Predictors of aspiration pneumonia: How important is dysphagia? Dysphagia; 13, 6981.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lazenby-Paterson, T. (2020). Thickened liquids: Do they still have a place in the dysphagia toolkit?. Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery; 28, 145–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marik, P. E. (2001) Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med. Mar 1; 344(9), 665–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NBCI (n.d.). Managing saliva control – Cerebral palsy in under 25s: assessment and management. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK533231/.Google Scholar
Parr, J. R., Todhunter, E., Pennington, L., et al. (2018) Reduction Intervention randomised trial (DRI): comparing the efficacy and acceptability of hyoscine patches and glycopyrronium liquid on drooling in children with neurodisability. Arch Dis Child; 103, 371–6. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313763.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramachandran, G, Prasad, C. H. R. K., Garre, S., & Sundar, A. S. (2022) Oxygen management in heart failure patients. Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology; 3(3), 150–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbins, J., Langmore, S., Hind, J. A., & Erlichman, M. (2002) Dysphagia research in the 21st century and beyond: Proceedings from Dysphagia Experts Meeting, August 21, 2001. J Rehabil Res Dev. Jul–Aug; 39(4), 543–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Robertson, J., Chadwick, D., Baines, S., Emerson, E., & Hatton, C. (2017) Prevalence of dysphagia in people with intellectual disability: A systematic review. Intellect Dev Disabil. Dec; 55(6):377–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Safferman, A., Lieberman, J. A., Kane, J. M., et al. (1991) Update on the clinical efficacy and side effects of clozapine. Schizophr Bull; 17(2), 247–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samuels, R. & Chadwick, D. (2006) Predictors of asphyxiation risk in adults with intellectual disabilities and dysphagia. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50(5), 362–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scarpel, R. D., Nóbrega, A. C., Pinho, P., et al. (2021) Oropharyngeal swallowing dynamic findings in people with asthma. Dysphagia; 36, 541–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sokoloff, L., & Pavlakovic, R. (1997) Neuroleptic-induced dysphagia. Dysphagia; 12, 177–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sugiya, R., Higashimoto, Y., Shiraishi, M., et al. (2022). Decreased tongue strength is related to skeletal muscle mass in COPD patients. Dysphagia; 37, 636–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thacker, A. Abdelnoor, A. Anderson, C. White, S. & Hollins, S. (2007) Indicators of choking risk in adults with learning disabilities: A questionnaire survey and interview study. Disability and Rehabilitation; 30(15), 1131–8.Google Scholar
Trollor, J., Srasuebkul, P., Xu, H., & Howlett, S. (2017) Cause of death and potentially avoidable deaths in Australian adults with intellectual disability using retrospective linked data. BMJ Open. Feb 7; 7(2).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, A., Sheehan, R., Ding, J., et al. (2022) LeDeR Learning from lives and deaths – People with a learning disability and autistic people Annual report for 2021 Kings College London. www.kcl.ac.uk/ioppn/assets/fans-dept/leder-main-report-hyperlinked.pdf.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×