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21 - Robert Browning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 May 2011

Claude Rawson
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
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Summary

A good many oddities and a good many great writers have been entombed in the Abbey; but none of the odd ones have been so great and none of the great ones so odd.

(Henry James, ‘Browning in Westminster Abbey’)

What James says is right on the mark. Robert Browning is the oddest of the great English poets. His poetry is odd in the sense that it is peculiar, strange, idiosyncratic, even weird, or uncanny. The famous dramatic monologues included in most anthologies and course syllabuses (‘My Last Duchess’, ‘Fra Lippo Lippi’, ‘Porphyria’s Lover’, ‘Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister’, ‘The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed’s Church’, and so on) hardly give a full sense of that strangeness, though they do have an odd propensity to give voice to deep-dyed villains. The oddness in question is partly due to the psychological peculiarities of those who speak in Browning’s poems. Perhaps, however, it most conspicuously lies in his poetry’s notorious peculiarities of diction and syntax, as these reflect or represent the psychological oddnesses of imagined characters. ‘Imagined’ applies even when the speakers are historical personages, such as the Renaissance Italian painter Fra Lippo Lippi. Lippi really existed. Browning learned about him from Vasari’s Le Vite de’ Pittori (Lives of the Painters, 1550, 1568). Nevertheless, Browning invented, on this basis, Lippi’s speech and the dramatic situation of ‘Fra Lippo Lippi’. He did this by trying to imagine what it would have been like to be Fra Lippo Lippi.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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