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14 - Education and Human Capital

from Part I - 1800–1950

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2022

By
Pei Gao ,
Bas van Leeuwen  and
Meimei Wang
Edited by
Debin Ma  and
Richard von Glahn
Debin Ma
Affiliation:
Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo
Richard von Glahn
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
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Summary

China has the largest education system in the world today. It educates more than 260 million people and employed 15 million teachers in 2015. Besides its social impact, educational development has often been argued to be one of the primary reasons behind China’s stunning economic growth after the economic reform implemented in 1978. It is therefore of paramount importance to understand how education evolved in Chinese history.

Keywords

human capitalConfucian teaching systemmass educationcurriculum reformsocioeconomic modernization
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Economic History of China , pp. 496 - 528
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

Further Reading

Baten, J., Ma, D., Morgan, S., and Wang, Q., “Evolution of Living Standards and Human Capital in China in the 18th–20th Centuries: Evidence from Real Wages, Age-Heaping, and Anthropometrics,” Explorations in Economic History 47.3 (2010), 347–59.Google Scholar
Borthwick, S., Education and Social Change in China: The Beginnings of the Modern Era (Stanford, CA, Hoover Institution Press, 1983).Google Scholar
Chen, T., J.K.S. Kung, and C. Ma, , “Long Live Keju! The Persistent Effects of China’s Civil Examination System,” Economic Journal 130.631 (2020), 2030–64.Google Scholar
Hongbo, Deng 鄧洪波, 中國書院史 (History of Traditional Chinese Academia) (Shanghai, Dongfang chuban zhongxin, 2004).Google Scholar
Elman, B.A., A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China (Berkeley, University of California Press, 2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, P., “Risen from the Chaos: The Emergence of Modern Education in China,” in Mitch, D. and Cappelli, G. (eds.), Globalization and the Rise of Mass Education (Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019), pp. 279–309.Google Scholar
Ho, P., The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility, 1368–1911 (New York, Columbia University Press, 1962).Google Scholar
Linxiang, Jin 金林祥, 中國教育制度通史 (A General History of Chinese Education), 6 vols. (Jinan, Shandong Education Press, 2000).Google Scholar
Yong, Ma 馬鏞, 中國教育制度通史 (A General History of Chinese Education), 5 vols. (Jinan, Shandong Education Press, 2000).Google Scholar
Perkins, D. H., China’s Modern Economy in Historical Perspective (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1975).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawski, E., Education and Popular Literacy in Ch’ing China (Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1979).Google Scholar
Wang, M., van Leeuwen, B., and Li, J., Education in China, ca. 1840–Present (Leiden, Brill, 2020).Google Scholar
Wang, , Y.C., Chinese Intellectuals and the West, 1872–1949 (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1966).Google Scholar
Jie, Zhang 张杰, 清代科舉家族 (Keju Hereditary Families in the Qing Dynasty) (Beijing, Social Sciences Academic Press, 2003).Google Scholar

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