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5 - Cognitive Aging: The Role of Neurotransmitter Systems

from Part I - Models of Cognitive Aging

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 May 2020

By
Anna Rieckmann  and
Lars Nyberg
Edited by
Ayanna K. Thomas  and
Angela Gutchess
Ayanna K. Thomas
Affiliation:
Tufts University, Massachusetts
Angela Gutchess
Affiliation:
Brandeis University, Massachusetts
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Summary

Much of the extant work in the cognitive neurosciences of aging has focused on identifying the neural correlates of age-related declines in episodic memory and working memory. This chapter reviews evidence from human studies that speaks to the hypothesis that age-related dysfunctions in specific neurotransmitter systems play a critical role in cognitive decline. Based in large part on results from functional neuroimaging studies including positron emission tomography (PET) and pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we conclude that there is emerging evidence that dysfunctions in the dopamine, noradrenaline, and cholinergic systems play a critical role in age-related cognitive decline of working memory and episodic memory. These conclusions are important and encourage further study in order to tailor interventions that preserve cognitive functions in older age via augmentation of neurotransmitter functions.

Keywords

acetylcholineAlzheimer’s diseasedopamineepisodic memoryhippocampuslocus coeruleusmagnetic resonance imagingnoradrenalinepositron emission tomographyprefrontal cortexscopolaminestriatumworking memory
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging
A Life Course Perspective
 , pp. 82 - 100
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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