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17 - Animal Intelligence

from Part IV - Biology of Intelligence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2019

By
Thomas R. Zentall
Edited by
Robert J. Sternberg
Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

The ability to assess the intelligence of other species has been constrained because it is not always easy to communicate to other species what we require of them. Furthermore, we tend to define the tasks with procedures designed for us rather than for the species in question. The appropriate assessment of animal intelligence is important, however, because it has demonstrated that although the human capacity for intelligent behavior quantitatively surpasses that of other animals, qualitatively, it is not as different as we generally believe. Furthermore, the intelligent behavior of other species demonstrates that although language and culture contribute to human intelligence, they are clearly not necessary. Finally, although we attribute certain human behavior such as unskilled gambling and cognitive dissonance to our complex social environment, the fact that other species show very similar suboptimal behavior suggests that simpler underlying processes likely are responsible for those behaviors.

Keywords

relational learninglearning to learnstimulus class formationmemory strategiesnavigationcountingreasoninganalogical reasoninglanguageperspective taking
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Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence , pp. 397 - 427
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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