Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T08:04:49.847Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

38 - Political Psychology in the Arab Region

A Commentary on Navigating Research in Unstable Contexts

from Part IV - Diversifying Perspectives in Political Psychology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2022

By
Diala R. Hawi ,
Fouad Bou Zeineddine ,
Rim Saab ,
Arin H. Ayanian  and
Charles Harb
Edited by
Danny Osborne  and
Chris G. Sibley
Danny Osborne
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Chris G. Sibley
Affiliation:
University of Auckland
Get access

Summary

Many Arab countries have experienced deep social, political, and psychological struggles and transformations, yet political psychological analyses of the region remain scarce. This chapter provides a brief overview of the historical context, present, and future directions of the field. Some challenges are epistemological and theoretical, including culturally decontextualized literature and under-theorised topics. Other challenges lie in research production, with difficulties in acquiring qualified researchers, institutional support, training, representative samples, and elaborate, culturally relevant approaches. The final set of challenges are social, political, and ethical in nature, especially pertinent in unstable and conflict-ridden settings, where sensitive questions may pose risks to the community and researchers, trigger suspicion, and highlight researchers’ positionalities and biases. Despite these challenges, however, growing recognition of critical, indigenous, innovative, and collaborative psychology points to promising signs for the future of political psychology in the Arab region, much like the rest of the Global South.

Keywords

ArabPolitical psychologyUnder-representationUnstable contextsContextualised research
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Political Psychology , pp. 624 - 639
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abou-Hatab, F. (1997). Psychology from Egyptian, Arab, and Islamic perspectives: Unfulfilled hopes and hopeful fulfillment. European Psychologist, 2(4), 356–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, G., Estrada-Villalta, S., & Gómez, L. H. (2018). The modernity/coloniality of being: Hegemonic psychology as intercultural relations. International Journal of Intercultural Relations: Special Issue on Colonial Past and Intergroup Relations, 62, 13–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adra, A., Harb, C., Li, M., & Baumert, A. (2019). Predicting collective action tendencies among Filipina domestic workers in Lebanon: Integrating the Social Identity Model of Collective Action and the role of fear. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 23(7), 967–978.Google Scholar
Albzour, M., Penic, S., Nasser, R., & Green, E. G. (2019). Support for ‘normalization’ of relations between Palestinians and Israelis, and how it relates to contact and resistance in the West Bank. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 7, 978–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alfadhli, K., Cakal, H., & Drury, J. (2019). The role of emergent shared identity in psychosocial support among refugees of conflict in developing countries. International Review of Social Psychology, 32(1), Article 2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amnesty International. (2020, 16 July). Lebanon protests explained. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/11/lebanon-protests-explained/Google Scholar
Andreouli, E., & Figgou, L. (2019). Critical social psychology of politics. In O’Doherty, K. & Hodgetts, D. (Eds.), Sage handbook of applied social psychology (pp. 148–165). Sage.Google Scholar
Ayanian, A. H., & Tausch, N. (2016). How risk perception shapes collective action intentions in repressive contexts: A study of Egyptian activists during the 2013 post‐coup uprising. British Journal of Social Psychology, 55(4), 700–721.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ayanian, A. H., Tausch, N., Acar, Y. G., Chayinska, M., Cheung, W.-Y., & Lukyanova, Y. (2021). Resistance in repressive contexts: A comprehensive test of psychological predictors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 120(4), 912–939.Google Scholar
Badaan, V., Jost, J. T., Fernando, J., & Kashima, Y. (2020). Imagining better societies: A social psychological framework for the study of utopian thinking and collective action. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 14(4), Article e12525.Google Scholar
Beinin, J., & Stein, R. L. (2006). The struggle for sovereignty: Palestine and Israel, 1993–2005. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–34.Google Scholar
Berry, J. W. (2015). Acculturation. In Grusec, J. E. & Hastings, P. D. (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research (pp. 520–538). The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Bhatia, S. (2019). Searching for justice in an unequal world: Reframing indigenous psychology as a cultural and political project. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 39(2), 107–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binns, T. (2006). Doing fieldwork in developing countries: Planning and logistics. In Desai, V. & Potter, R. (Eds.), Doing development research (pp. 13–24). Sage.Google Scholar
Bou Zeineddine, F., & Pratto, F. (2017). The need for power and the power of needs: An ecological approach for political psychology. Advances in Political Psychology, 38(1), 3–35.Google Scholar
Bou Zeineddine, F., & Qumseya, T. (2020). The contents, organization, and functions of living historical memory in Egypt and Morocco. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 24(3), 378–391.Google Scholar
Bou Zeineddine, F., Saab, R., Lášticová, B., Kende, A., & Ayanian, A. H. (2021). ‘Some uninteresting data from a faraway country’: Inequity and coloniality in international social psychological publication [Manuscript submitted for publication].Google Scholar
Boyden, J. (2001). Children’s participation in the context of forced migration. PLA Notes, 42, 52–56.Google Scholar
Brandt, M. J., & Henry, P. J. (2012). Gender inequality and gender differences in authoritarianism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(10), 1301–1315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burgess, S. M., & Steenkamp, J. B. E. (2006). Marketing renaissance: How research in emerging markets advances marketing science and practice. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 23(4), 337–356.Google Scholar
Cazeneuve, J. (1949). Psychology of the warrior. Egyptian Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 69–85.Google Scholar
Chafe’l, A. M. (1949). Voluntary control of war and peace. Egyptian Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 123–128.Google Scholar
Chatty, D., Crivello, G., & Hundt, G. L. (2005). Theoretical and methodological challenges of studying refugee children in the Middle East and North Africa: Young Palestinian, Afghan and Sahrawi refugees. Journal of Refugee Studies, 18(4), 387–409.Google Scholar
Crowson, H. M. (2009). Right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation: As mediators of worldview beliefs on attitudes related to the war on terror. Social Psychology, 40(2), 93–103.Google Scholar
De La Roque, B. B. (1960). Stéréotypes ethniques et problémes d’immigration: Acculturation des autochtones et des immigrants en Israel. Bulletin du C.E.R.P., 9, 363–384.Google Scholar
Deeb, L., & Winegar, J. (2015). Anthropology’s politics: Disciplining the Middle East. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Diab, L. N. (1959). Authoritarianism and prejudice in near-eastern students attending American universities. The Journal of Social Psychology, 50(2), 175–187.Google Scholar
Djeriouat, H., & Mullet, E. (2013). Public perception of the motives that lead political leaders to launch interstate armed conflicts: A structural and cross-cultural study. Universitas Psychologica, 12(2), 327–346.Google Scholar
El-Amine, A. (2009). Meta-issues involved in research in Arab States: Reflections of a social scientist. In BouJaoude, S. & Dagher, Z. R. (Eds.), The world of science education (pp. 257–264). Brill Sense.Google Scholar
El-Rawy, M. (1947). Alkatlo’l ‘syasy. Egyptian Journal of Psychology, 3, 207–214.Google Scholar
Fargues, P. (2011). Immigration without inclusion: Non-nationals in nation-building in the Gulf States. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 20(3–4), 273–292.Google Scholar
Fischer, R., Harb, C., Al-Sarraf, S., & Nashabe, O. (2008). Support for resistance among Iraqi students: An exploratory study. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 30(2), 167–175.Google Scholar
Ford, N., Mills, E. J., Zachariah, R., & Upshur, R. (2009). Ethics of conducting research in conflict settings. Conflict and Health, 3(1), Article 7.Google Scholar
Galioun, B. (1997). The reasons for impeded progress in general scientific research in the Arab world [in Arabic]. Bahithat, 3, 320–335.Google Scholar
Gelvin, J. L. (2016). The modern Middle East: A history (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gilens, M., & Page, B. I. (2014). Testing theories of American politics: Elites, interest groups, and average citizens. Perspectives on Politics, 12(3), 564–581.Google Scholar
Hammad, J., & Tribe, R. (2020). Culturally informed resilience in conflict settings: A literature review of Sumud in the occupied Palestinian territories. International Review of Psychiatry, 33(1–2), 132–139.Google Scholar
Hanafi, S. (2012). The Arab revolutions: The emergence of a new political subjectivity. Contemporary Arab Affairs, 5(2), 198–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanafi, S. (2018). Knowledge produced but not used: Predicaments of social research in the Arab world. In Badran, A., Baydoun, E., & Hillman, J. (Eds.), Universities in Arab countries: An urgent need for change (pp. 143–162). Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanafi, S., & Arvanitis, R. (2014). The marginalization of the Arab language in social science: Structural constraints and dependency by choice. Current Sociology, 62(5), 723–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanafi, S., & Arvanitis, R. (2015). Knowledge production in the Arab world: The impossible promise. Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harb, C. (2010, July). Describing the Lebanese youth: A national and psycho-social survey [Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs, Working Paper Series 1, pp. 1–35]. American University of Beirut.Google Scholar
Harb, C. (2016). The Arab region: Cultures, values, and identity. In Amer, M. M. & Awad, G. H. (Eds.), Handbook of Arab American psychology (pp. 3–18). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.Google Scholar
Harb, C., & Saab, R. (2014). Social cohesion and intergroup relations: Syrian refugees and Lebanese nationals in the Bekaa and Akkar. Refugee Research and Policy in the Arab World. https://data2.unhcr.org/es/documents/download/40814Google Scholar
Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2–3), 61–83.Google Scholar
Henry, P. J., Sidanius, J., Levin, S., & Pratto, F. (2005). Social dominance orientation, authoritarianism, and support for intergroup violence between the Middle East and America. Political Psychology, 26(4), 569–584.Google Scholar
Hermez, S., & Soukarieh, M. (2013). Boycotts against Israel and the question of academic freedom in American universities in the Arab world. Journal of Academic Freedom, 4.Google Scholar
Ibrahim, A. S. (2013). Arab world psychology. In Keith, K. D. (Ed.), The encyclopedia of cross‐cultural psychology (pp. 88–94). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Google Scholar
Ibrahim, Z. (1949). Psychological basis of peace. Egyptian Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 49–64.Google Scholar
Jabbar, S. A., & Zaza, H. I. (2019). Post-traumatic stress and depression (PSTD) and general anxiety among Iraqi refugee children: A case study from Jordan. Early Child Development and Care, 189(7), 1114–1134.Google Scholar
Jamal, A., & Tessler, M. (2008). The Democracy Barometers (Part II): Attitudes in the Arab world. Journal of Democracy, 19(1), 97–111.Google Scholar
Jasko, K., Webber, D., Kruglanski, A. W., et al. (2020). Social context moderates the effects of quest for significance on violent extremism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 118(6), 1165–1187.Google Scholar
Johnson, T. P., & Van de Vijver, F. J. (2003). Social desirability in cross-cultural research. In van de Vijver, F. J., Mohler, P. P., & Wiley, J. (Eds.), Cross-cultural survey methods (pp. 195–204). Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Joshi, S., Simkhada, P., & Prescott, G. J. (2011). Health problems of Nepalese migrants working in three Gulf countries. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 11(1), Article 3.Google Scholar
Keehn, J. D. (1955). An examination of the two-factor theory of social attitudes in a Near Eastern culture. The Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 13–20.Google Scholar
Kelman, H. C., & Cohen, S. P. (1976). The problem-solving workshop: A social-psychological contribution to the resolution of international conflicts. Journal of Peace Research, 13(2), 79–90.Google Scholar
Kennedy, D. P. (2005). Scale adaptation and ethnography. Field Methods, 17(4), 412–431.Google Scholar
Khalidi, R. (Ed.). (1991). The origins of Arab nationalism. Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Khamis, V. (2019). Posttraumatic stress disorder and emotion dysregulation among Syrian refugee children and adolescents resettled in Lebanon and Jordan. Child Abuse & Neglect, 89, 29–39.Google Scholar
Kira, I. A., Shuwiekh, H., Al-Huwailah, A. H., et al. (2019). The central role of social identity in oppression, discrimination and social-structural violence: Collective identity stressors and traumas, their dynamics and mental health impact. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 25(3), 262–268.Google Scholar
Kira, I. A., Shuwiekh, H., & Bujold-Bugeaud, M. (2017). Toward identifying the etiologies of gender differences in authoritarianism and mental health: An Egyptian study. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 23(2), 183–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kram, K. E. (1988). On the researcher’s group memberships. In Berg, D. N. & Smith, K. K. (Eds.), The self in social inquiry: Researching methods (pp. 247–266). Sage.Google Scholar
Kreidie, L. H., & Monroe, K. R. (2002). Psychological boundaries and ethnic conflict: How identity constrained choice and worked to turn ordinary people into perpetrators of ethnic violence during the Lebanese civil war. International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, 16, 5–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kteily, N., & Bruneau, E. (2017). Backlash: The politics and real-world consequences of minority group dehumanization. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(1), 87–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kteily, N., Hodson, G., & Bruneau, E. (2016). They see us as less than human: Metadehumanization predicts intergroup conflict via reciprocal dehumanization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110(3), 343–370.Google Scholar
Lesch, D. W. (2018). The Arab-Israeli conflict: A history. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Levin, S., Kteily, N., Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., & Matthews, M. (2016). Muslims’ emotions toward Americans predict support for Hezbollah and Al Qaeda for threat-specific reasons. Motivation and Emotion, 40(1), 162–177.Google Scholar
Levin, S., Pratto, F., Matthews, M., Sidanius, J., & Kteily, N. (2013). A dual process approach to understanding prejudice toward Americans in Lebanon: An extension to intergroup threat perceptions and emotions. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 16(2), 139–158.Google Scholar
Louis, W. R., Esses, V. M., & Lalonde, R. N. (2013). National identification, perceived threat, and dehumanization as antecedents of negative attitudes toward immigrants in Australia and Canada. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43(2), 156–165.Google Scholar
Maalouf, A. (1998). Les identités meurtrières. Grasset.Google Scholar
Malika, L. (1965–1994). Readings in social psychology in the Arab countries [in Arabic] (Vols. 1–7). General Egyptian Book Organization.Google Scholar
MacLeod, R. B. (1959). The Arab Middle East: Some social psychological problems. Journal of Social Issues, 15(3), 69–75.Google Scholar
Masterson, D., & Lehmann, M. C. (2020). Refugees, mobilization, and humanitarian aid: Evidence from the Syrian refugee crisis in Lebanon. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 64(5), 817–843.Google Scholar
McFarland, S. G. (2005). On the eve of war: Authoritarianism, social dominance, and American students’ attitudes toward attacking Iraq. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(3), 360–367.Google Scholar
Melikian, L. H., & Diab, L. N. (1959). Group affiliations of university students in the Arab Middle East. The Journal of Social Psychology, 49(2), 145–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melikian, L. H., & Prothro, E. T. (1957). Goals chosen by Arab students in response to hypothetical situations. The Journal of Social Psychology, 46(1), 3–9.Google Scholar
Miller‐Idriss, C., & Hanauer, E. (2011). Transnational higher education: Offshore campuses in the Middle East. Comparative Education, 47(2), 181–207.Google Scholar
Mironova, V. (2019). From freedom fighters to jihadists: Human resources of non-state armed groups. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Moghaddam, F., Walker, B., & Harré, R. (2003). Cultural distance, levels of abstraction, and the advantages of mixed methods. In Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioural research (pp. 111–134). Sage.Google Scholar
Moss, S. M., Uluğ, Ö. M., & Acar, Y. G. (2019). Doing research in conflict contexts: Practical and ethical challenges for researchers when conducting fieldwork. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 25(1), 86–99.Google Scholar
Nesbitt-Larking, P., & Kinnvall, C. (2012). The discursive frames of political psychology. Political Psychology, 33(1), 45–59.Google Scholar
Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Bou Zeineddine, F., Kteily, N., & Levin, S. (2014). When domestic politics and international relations intermesh: Subordinated publics’ factional support within layered power structures. Foreign Policy Analysis, 10, 127–148.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T. (1954). Studies in stereotypes: IV. Lebanese businessmen. The Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 275–280.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T. (1955). The effect of strong negative attitudes on the placement of items in a Thurstone Scale. The Journal of Social Psychology, 41(1), 11–17.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T., & Keehn, J. D. (1956). The structure of social attitudes in Lebanon. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 53(2), 157–160.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T., & Keehn, J. D. (1957). Stereotypes and semantic space. The Journal of Social Psychology, 45(2), 197–209.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T., & Melikian, L. H. (1953). Generalized ethnic attitudes in the Arab Near East. Sociology & Social Research, 37, 375–379.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T., & Melikian, L. H. (1954). Studies in stereotypes: III. Arab students in the Near East. The Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 237–243.Google Scholar
Prothro, E. T., & Melikian, L. H. (1955). Psychology in the Arab Near East. Psychological Bulletin, 52(4), 303–310.Google Scholar
Rad, M. S., Martingano, A. J., & Ginges, J. (2018). Toward a psychology of Homo sapiens: Making psychological science more representative of the human population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(45), 11401–11405.Google Scholar
Reijerse, A., Van Acker, K., Vanbeselaere, N., Phalet, K., & Duriez, B. (2013). Beyond the ethnic‐civic dichotomy: Cultural citizenship as a new way of excluding immigrants. Political Psychology, 34(4), 611–630.Google Scholar
Saab, R., Ayanian, A. H., & Hawi, D. R. (2020). The status of Arabic social psychology: A review of 21st-century research articles. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11(7), 917–927.Google Scholar
Saab, R., Harb, C., & Moughalian, C. (2017). Intergroup contact as a predictor of violent and nonviolent collective action: Evidence from Syrian refugees and Lebanese nationals. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 23(3), 297–306.Google Scholar
Sadowski, F., Endrass, J., & Zick, A. (2019). Are authoritarianism and militancy key characteristics of religious fundamentalism? A latent class analysis of an Egyptian Muslim sample. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 11(4), 442–448.Google Scholar
Sales, B. D., & Folkman, S. (Eds.). (2000). Ethics in research with human participants. American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Sanchez-Sosa, J., & Riveros, A. (2007). Theory, research, and practice in psychology in the developing (majority) world. In Gielen, M. & Stevens, U. (Eds.), Toward a global psychology: Theory, research, intervention, and pedagogy (pp. 101–146). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Sayegh, L., & Lasry, J. C. (1993). Immigrants’ adaptation in Canada: Assimilation, acculturation, and orthogonal cultural identification. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, 34(1), Article 98.Google Scholar
Scull, N. C., Alkhadher, O., & Alawadi, S. (2020). Why people join terrorist groups in Kuwait: A qualitative examination. Political Psychology, 41(2), 231–247.Google Scholar
Shabana, A. (2020). Science and scientific production in the Middle East: Past and present. Sociology of Islam, 8(2), 151–158.Google Scholar
Sheehan, K. B. (2018). Crowdsourcing research: Data collection with Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 140–156.Google Scholar
Shuval, J. T. (1956). Patterns of inter group tension and affinity. International Social Science Journal, 8(1), 75–123.Google Scholar
Smith, L. G., Livingstone, A. G., & Thomas, E. F. (2019). Advancing the social psychology of rapid societal change. British Journal of Social Psychology, 58(1), 33–44.Google Scholar
Stewart, A. L., Pratto, F., Bou Zeineddine, F., et al. (2016). International support for the Arab uprisings: Understanding sympathetic collective action using theories of social dominance and social identity. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 19(1), 6–26.Google Scholar
Sue, D. W. (1993). Confronting ourselves: The White and racial/ethnic-minority researcher. The Counseling Psychologist, 21(2), 244–249.Google Scholar
Sukarieh, M., & Tannock, S. (2013). On the problem of over-researched communities: The case of the Shatila Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon. Sociology, 47(3), 494–508.Google Scholar
Sultana, F. (2007). Reflexivity, positionality and participatory ethics: Negotiating fieldwork dilemmas in international research. ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 6(3), 374–385.Google Scholar
Tannous, A. (1942). Group behavior in the village community of Lebanon. American Journal of Sociology, 48(2), 231–239.Google Scholar
UNHCR. (2017, 27 February). Which country hosts the most refugees? http://www.unhcr.org/news/videos/2017/2/58b3f4714/which-countries-host-the-most-refugeesquest.htmlGoogle Scholar
VASYR. (2017). Vulnerability assessment of Syrian refugees in Lebanon. https://www.unhcr.org/lb/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2018/01/VASyR-2017.pdfGoogle Scholar
Vora, N. (2018). Teach for Arabia: American universities, liberalism, and transnational Qatar. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Warwick, D. P. (1993). The politics and ethics of field research. In Bulmer, M. & Warwick, D. P. (Eds.), Social research in developing countries (pp. 315–331). Routledge.Google Scholar
Werner, O., & Campbell, D. T. (2001). The translation of personality and attitude tests. In Campbell, D. T. & Russo, M. J. (Eds.), Social measurement (Vol. 3, Sage classics, pp. 311–321). Sage.Google Scholar
Zebian, S., Alamuddin, R., Maalouf, M., & Chatila, Y. (2007). Developing an appropriate psychology through culturally sensitive research practices in the Arabic-speaking world: A content analysis of psychological research published between 1950 and 2004. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(2), 91–122.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×