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24 - Mass Violence and the Kurds

From the Late Ottoman Empire to ISIS

from Part III - The Nation-State System during the Cold War

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2023

Ben Kiernan
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Wendy Lower
Affiliation:
Claremont McKenna College, California
Norman Naimark
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Scott Straus
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley
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Summary

Kurds are a diverse ethnic group who number 30 to 40 million, and speak languages of the Indo-European family. A majority of Kurds are Sunni Muslims, but minorities follow Shi’ism, Alevism, Yarsanism, Yazidism, Zoroastrianism and Christianity. They are culturally distinct from Arabs, Turks, Persians, Syriacs and Armenians, their historical neighbours. The Kurds’ experience with modern mass violence, from civil wars to genocides, is long and complex. Whereas Kurds lived for centuries in pre-national conditions in the Ottoman and Persian empires, the advent of nationalism and the nation-state system in the Middle East in the twentieth century radically changed their situation.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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