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23 - Pioneer farmers at Brześć Kujawski, Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2015

By
Peter Bogucki  and
Ryszard Grygiel
Edited by
Graeme Barker  and
Candice Goucher
Graeme Barker
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Candice Goucher
Affiliation:
Washington State University
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Summary

Around a town called Brześć Kujawski, the earliest farmers left a remarkable record of their presence, including traces of houses, burials and pits containing pottery, stone tools, animal bones and charred seeds, while the impact that they had on the local environment is revealed by the study of sediments and pollen cores. Jażdżewski discovered traces of Neolithic longhouses and burials at Brześć Kujawski. Unlike the rectangular longhouses first found at Kőln-Lindenthal in Germany in the early 1930s, the houses at Brześć Kujawski had bedding trenches that ran around their perimeter in a long trapezoidal outline. The Linear Pottery occupations around Brześć Kujawski exhibit several important characteristics. First, their principal archaeological features are large pits, often elongated, that are filled with rubbish. Second, post-hole patterns at several sites define rectangular structures. Surface decoration is much reduced from that seen in the Linear Pottery culture and commonly consists only of rows of fingernail impression around the rims and waists of vessels.

Keywords

Jomon cultivationagrarian societiesJapanese agriculturecultural developmentrice farmingmodern Japanese agricultural landscapeYayoi period
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge World History , pp. 589 - 611
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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References

Further reading

Bieniek, A. ‘Neolithic plant husbandry in the Kujawy region of central Poland.’ In Colledge, S. and Conolly, J. (eds.), The Origins and Spread of Domestic Plants in Southwest Asia and Europe. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 327–42.Google Scholar
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Bogucki, P.. ‘Animal exploitation by the Brześć Kujawski Group of the Lengyel culture.’ In Grygiel, , Neolit i Początki Epoki Brązu. vol. ii, 2008, 1581–704.Google Scholar
Bogucki, P. ‘The Danubian–Baltic borderland: northern Poland in the fifth millennium bc.’ In Fokkens, H. et al. (eds.), Between Foraging and Farming: An Extended Broad Spectrum of Papers Presented to Leendert Louwe Kooijmans. Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia 40. Leiden University Press, 2008. 51–65.Google Scholar
Bogucki, P. and Grygiel, R.. ‘The household cluster at Brześć Kujawski 3: small-site methodology in the Polish lowlands.’ World Archaeology, 13 (1981), 59–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogucki, P. and Grygiel, R.. ‘Early farmers of the North European Plain.’ Scientific American, 248/4 (1983), 104–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogucki, P., Nalepka, D., Grygiel, R., and Nowaczyk, B.. ‘Multiproxy environmental archaeology of Neolithic settlements at Osłonki, Poland, 5500–4000 bc.’ Environmental Archaeology, 17/1 (2012), 45–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grygiel, R. ‘Household cluster as a fundamental social unit of the Brześć Kujawski Group of the Lengyel culture in the Polish lowlands.’ Prace i Materialy Muzeum Archeologicznego i Etnograficznego (seria archeologiczna), 31 (1986), 43–334.Google Scholar
Grygiel, R. Neolit i Początki Epoki Brązu w Rejonie Brześcia Kujawskiego i Osłonek (The Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in the Brześć Kujawski and Osłonki Region). 2 vols. Łódź: Konrad Jażdżewski Foundation for Archaeological Research, Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography, 2004–8.Google Scholar
Grygiel, R. and Bogucki, P.. ‘Early farmers in north-central Europe: 1989–1994 excavations at Osłonki, Poland.’ Journal of Field Archaeology, 24 (1997), 161–78.Google Scholar
Jażdżewski, K. ‘Cmentarzyska kultury ceramiki wstęgowej i związane z nimi ślady osadnictwa w Brześciu Kujawskim.’ Wiadomości Archeologiczne, 15 (1938), 1–105.Google Scholar
Lorkiewicz, W. ‘Nonalimentary tooth use in the Neolithic population of the Lengyel culture in central Poland (4600–4000 bc).’ American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 144 (2011), 538–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lorkiewicz, W. ‘Skeletal trauma and violence among the early farmers of the North European Plain: evidence from Neolithic settlements of the Lengyel culture in Kuyavia, north-central Poland.’ In Schulting, R. and Fibiger, L. (eds.), Sticks, Stones, and Broken Bones: Neolithic Violence in a European Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2012. 51–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pyzel, J. ‘Preliminary results of large scale emergency excavations in Ludwinowo 7, comm. Włocławek.’ In Smolnik, R. (ed.), Siedlungsstruktur und Kulturwandel in der Bandkeramik: Beitrage der internationalen Tagung ‘Neue Fragen zur Bandkeramik oder alles beim Alten?!’ Dresden: Landesamt für Archäologie, 2012. 160–6.Google Scholar
Salque, M., Bogucki, P., Pyzel, J., et al. ‘Earliest evidence for cheese making in the sixth millennium bc in northern Europe.’ Nature, 493 (2013), 522–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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