Book contents
- Capnography
- Capnography
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Commonly used abbreviations
- 1 Clinical perspectives
- 1 Ventilation
- 2 Ventilation Capnography and respiratory assessment outside of the operating room
- 3 Airway management in the out-of-hospital setting
- 4 Airway management in the hospital setting
- 5 Airway management in the operating room
- 6 Capnography during anesthesia
- 7 Monitoring during mechanical ventilation
- 8 Capnography during transport of patients (inter/intrahospital)
- 9 Capnography as a guide to ventilation in the field
- 10 Neonatal monitoring
- 11 Capnography in sleep medicine
- 12 Conscious sedation
- 13 Capnometry monitoring in high- and low-pressure environments
- 14 Biofeedback
- 15 Capnography in non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
- 16 End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in postoperative ventilator weaning
- 17 Optimizing the use of mechanical ventilation and minimizing its requirement with capnography
- 18 Volumetric capnography for monitoring lung recruitment and PEEP titration
- 19 Capnography and adjuncts of mechanical ventilation
- 20 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- 21 Capnography and pulmonary embolism
- 22 Non-invasive cardiac output via pulmonary blood flow
- 23 PaCO2, PetCO2, and gradient
- 24 The physiologic basis for capnometric monitoring in shock
- 25 Carbon dioxide production, metabolism, and anesthesia
- 26 Tissue- and organ-specific effects of carbon dioxide
- 27 Atmospheric monitoring outside the healthcare environment and within enclosed environments: a historical perspective
- 28 Capnography in veterinary medicine
- 29 Carbon dioxide pathophysiology
- 30 Acid–base balance and diagnosis of disorders
- 31 Ventilation/perfusion abnormalities and capnography
- 32 Capnographic measures
- 33 Improving the analysis of volumetric capnograms
- 34 Capnography and the single-path model applied to cardiac output recovery and airway structure and function
- 35 Carbon dioxide and the control of breathing: a quantitative approach
- 36 Technical specifications and standards
- 37 Carbon dioxide measurement
- 38 Gas flow measurement
- 39 Combining flow and carbon dioxide
- 40 Brief history of time and volumetric capnography
- 41 The first years of clinical capnography
- 42 The early days of volumetric capnography
- Appendix: Patterns of time-based capnograms
- Index
13 - Capnometry monitoring in high- and low-pressure environments
from 1 - Ventilation
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2011
Book contents
- Capnography
- Capnography
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Commonly used abbreviations
- 1 Clinical perspectives
- 1 Ventilation
- 2 Ventilation Capnography and respiratory assessment outside of the operating room
- 3 Airway management in the out-of-hospital setting
- 4 Airway management in the hospital setting
- 5 Airway management in the operating room
- 6 Capnography during anesthesia
- 7 Monitoring during mechanical ventilation
- 8 Capnography during transport of patients (inter/intrahospital)
- 9 Capnography as a guide to ventilation in the field
- 10 Neonatal monitoring
- 11 Capnography in sleep medicine
- 12 Conscious sedation
- 13 Capnometry monitoring in high- and low-pressure environments
- 14 Biofeedback
- 15 Capnography in non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
- 16 End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in postoperative ventilator weaning
- 17 Optimizing the use of mechanical ventilation and minimizing its requirement with capnography
- 18 Volumetric capnography for monitoring lung recruitment and PEEP titration
- 19 Capnography and adjuncts of mechanical ventilation
- 20 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- 21 Capnography and pulmonary embolism
- 22 Non-invasive cardiac output via pulmonary blood flow
- 23 PaCO2, PetCO2, and gradient
- 24 The physiologic basis for capnometric monitoring in shock
- 25 Carbon dioxide production, metabolism, and anesthesia
- 26 Tissue- and organ-specific effects of carbon dioxide
- 27 Atmospheric monitoring outside the healthcare environment and within enclosed environments: a historical perspective
- 28 Capnography in veterinary medicine
- 29 Carbon dioxide pathophysiology
- 30 Acid–base balance and diagnosis of disorders
- 31 Ventilation/perfusion abnormalities and capnography
- 32 Capnographic measures
- 33 Improving the analysis of volumetric capnograms
- 34 Capnography and the single-path model applied to cardiac output recovery and airway structure and function
- 35 Carbon dioxide and the control of breathing: a quantitative approach
- 36 Technical specifications and standards
- 37 Carbon dioxide measurement
- 38 Gas flow measurement
- 39 Combining flow and carbon dioxide
- 40 Brief history of time and volumetric capnography
- 41 The first years of clinical capnography
- 42 The early days of volumetric capnography
- Appendix: Patterns of time-based capnograms
- Index
Summary
Mankind lives, works, and plays within an extensive range of high- and low-pressure environments. It is important to understand how altitude affects atmospheric pressure and subsequent alveolar oxygen availability. In addition to pressure-related changes, there are multiple environmental stresses that occur during high-altitude exposures that amplify potential dangers. The most serious complications of altitude exposure are associated with a syndrome known as acute mountain sickness (AMS). Typical symptoms include headache, nausea, anorexia, insomnia, and, occasionally, vomiting. A variety of medications may impact the course of these conditions. The sulfa-based, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic, acetazolamide, induces metabolic acidosis, stimulating ventilation and thereby mimicking the natural respiratory response to altitude, which may assist in hastening acclimatization. Hyperbaric chambers, commonly used for treatment of diving injuries, carbon monoxide poisonings, or wound care, are examples of the therapeutic benefits of elevated pressures. Capnometers measure either partial pressures or percent volumes of gases.
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- Capnography , pp. 115 - 126Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011