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Chapter 55 - Cerebral palsy

from Section 3 - Symptomatic epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2012

By
Sameer M. Zuberi  and
Andreas Brunklaus
Edited by
Simon D. Shorvon ,
Frederick Andermann  and
Renzo Guerrini
Simon D. Shorvon
Affiliation:
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London
Frederick Andermann
Affiliation:
Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute
Renzo Guerrini
Affiliation:
Child Neurology Unit, Meyer Pediatric Hospital, Florence
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Summary

Cerebral palsy (CP) affects between 2 and 3 per 1000 live births and is thought to be the most common cause of serious physical disability in childhood. A widely used topographical classification of CP has been formulated by the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe group. This divides CP into spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxic subtypes. Children with CP due to central nervous system (CNS) malformation, infection, and gray matter damage were more likely to have epilepsy than those with CP due to white matter damage. The predominant type is focal seizures or focal seizures evolving into secondary generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) seizures. The majority of CP etiologies can be established based on a detailed history, examination, and neuroimaging without the need for other investigations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice. Epilepsy surgery can have a good outcome particularly for children with hemiplegia.

Keywords

acute megakaryoblastic anemiaAlzheimer diseasecongenital mental retardationepileptic seizurestransient myeloproliferative disordercute lymphoblastic leukemiadown syndrometrisomy 21
Type
Chapter
Information
The Causes of Epilepsy
Common and Uncommon Causes in Adults and Children
 , pp. 382 - 387
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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