Panic Disorder
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 October 2024
Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by recurring and unexpected panic attacks. Panic attacks are periods of intense and overwhelming fear that can be accompanied by physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, tremors, and sweating. Pharmacologic treatment options for those with panic disorder can include a short course of benzodiazepines and long-term SSRIs or SNRIs. Cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be a particularly effective nonpharmacologic approach to treatment of anxiety and panic. Benzodiazepines are recommended for short-term acute treatment of panic disorder. The effects of benzodiazepines on decreasing the severity and frequency of panic symptoms can be seen in as little as days to weeks. They are especially helpful as long-term therapies may take weeks to months for full benefit to be realized. A scheduled dosing is preferred over as-needed dosing.
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