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Section 1 - Conceptual and Strategic Issues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2019

Edited by
Patrick D. McGorry  and
Ian B. Hickie
Patrick D. McGorry
Affiliation:
University of Melbourne
Ian B. Hickie
Affiliation:
University of Sydney
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Summary

A fundamental aim of diagnosis is to guide treatment planning and predict illness course. Yet for too long psychiatric diagnosis, grounded on traditional silo-based approaches, has lacked clinical utility. This chapter explores the purpose of diagnosis and classification as well as the inability to validate diagnosis in psychiatry. It is proposed that new testable models are needed to improve the utility of diagnosis and support more personalised and sequential treatment selection. A number of new approaches have been put forward, including hierarchical and network-based methods, however at present, these offer limited value in guiding treatment selection. Clinical staging offers a viable solution. Clinical staging in psychiatry recognises that mental disorders are not static and discretely defined entities, but rather they are syndromes that overlap and develop in stages. The model ensures that interventions are proportional to both need and the risk of progressing to later stages and more established syndromes, which are likely to be comorbid, persistent, recurrent and disabling. Ultimately, it advocates a transdiagnostic approach to intervention, with a pre-emptive focus, that is based on risk-benefit considerations and patient needs. Clinical staging also provides a framework in which underlying biological mechanisms can be linked to each stage, to build a personalised and pre-emptive psychiatry.

Keywords

clinical stagingmental disordersdiagnosisclassificationtransdiagnosticclinical stagingmental disorderstransdiagnosticclinical stagingpsychopathologynetwork theoryclinical stagingtransidagnositicmental disorderstheoretical modeldynamic systems theorynetwork theoryinstability mechanismschaos theorycatastrophe theoryecological momentary assessment
Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical Staging in Psychiatry
Making Diagnosis Work for Research and Treatment
 , pp. 1 - 80
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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References

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