Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 May 2024
In his book General Psychopathology, first published in 1913, Jaspers presented a methodological framework for exploring the phenomenology of symptoms of psychiatric disorders as well as relating experimental psychology and nosology to phenomenology. This chapter briefly introduces the phenomenological approach to symptoms and how this has influenced symptom- as opposed to diagnostic criterion-based assessment instruments, such as those based on the diagnostic statistical manual. A transcultural and historical perspective is employed to identify relevant symptoms of mood disorders and their temporal course. Descriptions and definitions of classical symptoms are provided and extended based on modern evidence to include changes in self-imagery, moral emotions, self-blame-related action tendencies, as well as mood-congruent biases in the representation of the past and future. Lastly the contribution of psychopathology to future subsyndrome discovery, translational cognitive neuroscience, and network-based approaches to the psychopathology of mood disorders is discussed.
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