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Chapter 13 - Supraglottic Airways

from Section 1 - Airway Management: Background and Techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2020

By
Tim Cook
Edited by
Tim Cook  and
Michael Seltz Kristensen
Tim Cook
Affiliation:
Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
Michael Seltz Kristensen
Affiliation:
Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
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Summary

Supraglottic airways (SGAs) have been part of core anaesthetic practice for approximately 30 years, since the introduction of the classic laryngeal mask which is described in some detail. In many countries an SGA is now used for airway management for the majority of anaesthetics. Optimal use and insertion technique are described. The range of SGAs available and their roles have expanded dramatically in this time. Second generation SGAs are those designed to reduce the risk of aspiration and are emphasised in this chapter. With the wide range of SGAs available it can be problematic to decide which device to use and this is especially so as the boundaries of acceptable use are ever widened. This chapter describes those devices with the greatest versatility and utility – arguably also with the greatest safety profile too – and some newer devices. SGAs have a major role to play in advanced and difficult airway management. The use of an SGA as a rescue device and as a conduit for intubation during management of the difficult airway is described in detail.

Keywords

Aintree catheterairwaydifficult airwayextraglottici-gellaryngeal maskProSealrescuesupraglottic airway device
Type
Chapter
Information
Core Topics in Airway Management , pp. 102 - 121
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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References

Further Reading

Asai, T, Shingu, K. (2005). The laryngeal tube. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 95, 729–736.Google Scholar
Caponas, G. (2002). Intubating laryngeal mask airway. A review. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, 30, 551–569.Google Scholar
Cook, TM, Lee, G, Nolan, JP. (2005). The ProSealTM laryngeal mask airway: a review of the literature. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia, 52, 739–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keller, C, Brimacombe, J, Bittersohl, P, Lirk, P, von Goedecke, A. (2004). Aspiration and the laryngeal mask airway: three cases and a review of the literature. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 93, 579–582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mihara, T, Asakura, A, Owada, G, et al. (2017). A network meta-analysis of the clinical properties of various types of supraglottic airway device in children. Anaesthesia, 72, 1251–1264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NHS Purchasing and Supply Agency, Centre for Evidence-based Purchasing. (2008). Buyers’ guide: Laryngeal masks.Google Scholar
Schmidbauer, W, Bercker, S, Volk, T, et al. (2009). Oesophageal seal of the novel supralaryngeal airway device I-Gel in comparison with the laryngeal mask airways Classic and ProSeal using a cadaver model. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 102, 135–139.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Theiler, L, Gutzmann, M, Kleine-Brueggeney, M, et al. (2012). i-gel™ supraglottic airway in clinical practice: a prospective observational multicentre study. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 109, 990–995.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Verghese, C, Brimacombe, J. (1996). Survey of laryngeal mask airway usage in 11,910 patients: safety and efficacy for conventional and non-conventional usage. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 82, 129–133.Google Scholar

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