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14 - Depression and immunity: biological and behavioural mechanisms

from Part 3 - Biological and behavioural processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 September 2009

By
Michael Irwin
Edited by
Andrew Steptoe
Michael Irwin
Affiliation:
Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Andrew Steptoe
Affiliation:
University College London
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Summary

Introduction

Depression has a huge impact on individuals and society, with a lifetime prevalence of over 15%. By 2020, depression will be the second leading illness in the world, as projected by the World Health Organization (WHO). In addition to the emotional consequences of depression, the disorder is increasingly implicated in a wide range of medical conditions. Moreover, a growing body of evidence indicates that depression, including even minor depression, has notable immunological consequences. It is important therefore to consider possible immune mechanisms in the detrimental effects of depression on health, particularly in vulnerable individuals such as elderly people and patients with chronic disease.

This chapter provides a review of the research being conducted on the relationship between depression and immunity, beginning with an overview of the clinical importance of depressive disorders for mortality risk. The various immune alterations that occur during depression are examined, with discussion of the role of autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioural (e.g., sleep) mechanisms. The chapter concludes with consideration of the clinical implications of immune changes in depression for several medical disorders.

Clinical characteristics of depression

Definition of depression

Depression can be defined as a condition that primarily entails a disturbance of mood; this affective disturbance is often characterised by a mood that is sad, hopeless, discouraged or simply depressed [1].

Keywords

behavioural mechanismsbiological mediatorsclinical psychoneuroimmunologydepressionmortality risknatural killer cellsimmunityhypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis
Type
Chapter
Information
Depression and Physical Illness , pp. 299 - 320
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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