Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T19:05:07.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

17 - Episodic Memory in Animals

from Part II - Evolution of Memory Processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

By
Jonathon D. Crystal
Edited by
Mark A. Krause ,
Karen L. Hollis  and
Mauricio R. Papini
Mark A. Krause
Affiliation:
Southern Oregon University
Karen L. Hollis
Affiliation:
Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts
Mauricio R. Papini
Affiliation:
Texas Christian University
Get access

Summary

Memory for our own personal experiences comprises episodic memory. Episodic memory in people is characterized by multiple events and the sequential order of such events. Here, I summarize research that suggests that rats remember multiple events and the sequential order of events. These studies focus on remembering items-in-context and the replay of episodic memories. Next, I explore connections between episodic memory and hippocampal replay. Finally, I explore open questions for future research. The approaches described here may be used to explore the evolution of cognition.

Keywords

episodic memoryevent memoryitem-in-context memoryepisodic-memory replayhippocampal replayrat
Type
Chapter
Information
Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms , pp. 302 - 316
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Babb, S. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2005). Discrimination of what, when, and where: Implications for episodic-like memory in rats. Learning & Motivation, 36, 177–189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2005.02.009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Babb, S. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2006a). Discrimination of what, when, and where is not based on time of day. Learning & Behavior, 34, 124–130. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193188CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Babb, S. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2006b). Episodic-like memory in the rat. Current Biology, 16, 1317–1321. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.025Google Scholar
Buzsáki, G. (2015). Hippocampal sharp wave-ripple: A cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning. Hippocampus, 25, 1073–1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22488Google Scholar
Carr, M. F., Jadhav, S. P., & Frank, L. M. (2011). Hippocampal replay in the awake state: A potential substrate for memory consolidation and retrieval. Nature Neuroscience, 14, 147–153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2732CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carr, M. F., Karlsson, M. P., & Frank, L. M. (2012). Transient slow gamma synchrony underlies hippocampal memory replay. Neuron, 75, 700–713. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheng, S., Werning, M., & Suddendorf, T. (2016). Dissociating memory traces and scenario construction in mental time travel. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 60, 82–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.11.011Google Scholar
Clayton, N. S., & Dickinson, A. (1998). Episodic-like memory during cache recovery by scrub jays. Nature, 395, 272–274. https://doi.org/10.1038/26216Google Scholar
Corballis, M. C. (2013a). Mental time travel: A case for evolutionary continuity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 5–6. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364661312002458Google Scholar
Corballis, M. C. (2013b). The wandering rat: Response to Suddendorf. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 152. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.01.012Google Scholar
Crystal, J. D. (2013a). Prospective memory. Current Biology, 23, R750–R51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.081Google ScholarPubMed
Crystal, J. D. (2013b). Remembering the past and planning for the future in rats. Behavioural Processes, 93, 39–49. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2012.11.014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, J. D. (2016a). Animal models of source memory. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 105, 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.173CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, J. D. (2016b). Comparative cognition: Action imitation using episodic memory. Current Biology, 26, R1226–R1228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.010Google Scholar
Crystal, J. D. (2018). Animal models of episodic memory. Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews, 13, 105–122. https://doi.org/10.3819/ccbr.2018.130012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, J. D. (2021). Event memory in rats. In Kaufman, A., Call, J., & Kaufman, J. (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of animal cognition (pp. 190–209). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Crystal, J. D., & Alford, W. T. (2014). Validation of a rodent model of source memory. Biology Letters, 10, 20140064. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0064Google Scholar
Crystal, J. D., Alford, W. T., Zhou, W., & Hohmann, A. G. (2013). Source memory in the rat. Current Biology, 23, 387–391. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.01.023CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, J. D., & Smith, A. E. (2014). Binding of episodic memories in the rat. Current Biology, 24, 2957–2961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.074CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, J. D., & Suddendorf, T. (2019). Episodic memory in nonhuman animals? Current Biology, 29, R1291–R1295. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.045CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dalecki, S. J., Panoz-Brown, D. E., & Crystal, J. D. (2017). A test of the reward-contrast hypothesis. Behavioural Processes, 145, 15–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2017.09.018Google Scholar
Davidson, T. J., Kloosterman, F., & Wilson, M. A. (2009). Hippocampal replay of extended experience. Neuron, 63, 497–507. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2009.07.027Google Scholar
Dede, A. J. O., Frascino, J. C., Wixted, J. T., & Squire, L. R. (2016). Learning and remembering real-world events after medial temporal lobe damage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113, 13480–13485. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617025113CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diba, K., & Buzsáki, G. (2007). Forward and reverse hippocampal place-cell sequences during ripples. Nature Neuroscience, 10, 1241. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1961Google Scholar
Eacott, M. J., Easton, A., & Zinkivskay, A. (2005). Recollection in an episodic-like memory task in the rat. Learning and Memory, 12(3), 221–223. https://doi.org/http://www.learnmem.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/lm.92505Google Scholar
Ego-Stengel, V., & Wilson, M. A. (2010). Disruption of ripple‐associated hippocampal activity during rest impairs spatial learning in the rat. Hippocampus, 20, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20707Google Scholar
Eichenbaum, H. (2000). A cortical-hippocampal system for declarative memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1038/35036213Google Scholar
Eichenbaum, H. (2007). Comparative cognition, hippocampal function, and recollection. Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews, 2, 47–66. https://doi.org/doi:10.3819/ccbr.2008.20003Google Scholar
Eichenbaum, H., Sauvage, M., Fortin, N., Komorowski, R., & Lipton, P. (2012). Towards a functional organization of episodic memory in the medial temporal lobe. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 36, 1597–1608. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.07.006Google Scholar
Eichenbaum, H., Yonelinas, A. P., & Ranganath, C. (2007). The medial temporal lobe and recognition memory. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 30, 123–152. https://doi.org/doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094328CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emery, N. J., & Clayton, N. S. (2004). The mentality of crows: Convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes. Science, 306, 1903–1907. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1098410Google Scholar
Ergorul, C., & Eichenbaum, H. (2004). The hippocampus and memory for “what,” “where,” and “when.” Learning and Memory, 11(4), 397–405. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1101/lm.73304Google Scholar
Fortin, N. J., Wright, S. P., & Eichenbaum, H. (2004). Recollection-like memory retrieval in rats is dependent on the hippocampus. Nature, 431, 188–191. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02853CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jadhav, S. P., Kemere, C., German, P. W., & Frank, L. M. (2012). Awake hippocampal sharp-wave ripples support spatial memory. Science, 336, 1454–1458. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1217230Google Scholar
Kurth-Nelson, Z., Economides, M., Dolan, R. J., & Dayan, P. (2016). Fast sequences of non-spatial state representations in humans. Neuron, 91(1), 194–204. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2016.05.028Google Scholar
Lancet, D. (1986). Vertebrate olfactory reception. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 9, 329–355. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.001553Google Scholar
Mori, K., Nagao, H., & Yoshihara, Y. (1999). The olfactory bulb: Coding and processing of odor molecule information. Science, 286, 711–715. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5440.711Google Scholar
Moser, M.-B., Rowland, D. C., & Moser, E. I. (2015). Place cells, grid cells, and memory. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 7(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021808CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Naqshbandi, M., Feeney, M. C., McKenzie, T. L. B., & Roberts, W. A. (2007). Testing for episodic-like memory in rats in the absence of time of day cues: Replication of Babb and Crystal. Behavioural Processes, 74, 217–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2006.10.010Google Scholar
Ólafsdóttir, H. F., Bush, D., & Barry, C. (2018). The role of hippocampal replay in memory and planning. Current Biology, 28, R37–R50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.073Google Scholar
Ólafsdóttir, H. F., Carpenter, F., & Barry, C. (2017). Task demands predict a dynamic switch in the content of awake hippocampal replay. Neuron, 96, 925–935.e926. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.035Google Scholar
Panoz-Brown, D., Iyer, V., Carey, L. M., Sluka, C. M., Rajic, G., Kestenman, J., Gentry, M., Brotheridge, S., Somekh, I., Corbin, H. E., Tucker, K. G., Almeida, B., Hex, S. B., Garcia, K. D., Hohmann, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2018). Replay of episodic memories in the rat. Current Biology, 28, 1628–1634.e1627. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.006Google Scholar
Panoz-Brown, D. E., Corbin, H. E., Dalecki, S. J., Gentry, M., Brotheridge, S., Sluka, C. M., Wu, J.-E., & Crystal, J. D. (2016). Rats remember items in context using episodic memory. Current Biology, 26, 2821–2826. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.08.023Google Scholar
Pavlides, C., & Winson, J. (1989). Influences of hippocampal place cell firing in the awake state on the activity of these cells during subsequent sleep episodes. The Journal of Neuroscience, 9, 2907–2918. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.09-08-02907.1989Google Scholar
Paz, R., Gelbard-Sagiv, H., Mukamel, R., Harel, M., Malach, R., & Fried, I. (2010). A neural substrate in the human hippocampus for linking successive events. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 6046–6051. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910834107Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, B. E., & Foster, D. J. (2013). Hippocampal place-cell sequences depict future paths to remembered goals. Nature, 497, 74–79. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12112CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Powell, R., Mikhalevich, I., Logan, C., & Clayton, N. S. (2017). Convergent minds: The evolution of cognitive complexity in nature. Interface Focus, 7(3), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2017.0029Google Scholar
Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 515–526. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00076512CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, W. A., Feeney, M. C., MacPherson, K., Petter, M., McMillan, N., & Musolino, E. (2008). Episodic-like memory in rats: Is it based on when or how long ago? Science, 320, 113–115. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1152709Google Scholar
Rubin, B. D., & Katz, L. C. (2001). Spatial coding of enantiomers in the rat olfactory bulb. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 355. https://doi.org/10.1038/85997CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skaggs, W. E., & McNaughton, B. L. (1996). Replay of neuronal firing sequences in rat hippocampus during sleep following spatial experience. Science, 271, 1870–1873. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.271.5257.1870Google Scholar
Smith, A. E., Dalecki, S. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2017). A test of the reward-value hypothesis. Animal Cognition, 20, 215–220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-016-1040-zGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. E., Slivicki, R. A., Hohmann, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2017). The chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel selectively impairs learning while sparing source memory and spatial memory. Behavioural Brain Research, 320, 48–57. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.042Google Scholar
Staresina, B. P., Alink, A., Kriegeskorte, N., & Henson, R. N. (2013). Awake reactivation predicts memory in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 21159–21164. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1311989110Google Scholar
Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In Tulving, E. & Donaldson, W. (Eds.), Organization of Memory (pp. 381–403). Academic Press.Google Scholar
Tulving, E. (1983). Elements of Episodic Memory. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Tulving, E. (2002). Episodic memory: From mind to brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114Google Scholar
Tulving, E., & Markowitsch, H. J. (1998). Episodic and declarative memory: Role of the hippocampus. Hippocampus, 8(3), 198–204. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1998)8:3%3C198::AID-HIPO2%3E3.0.CO;2-G3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Uchida, N., & Mainen, Z. F. (2003). Speed and accuracy of olfactory discrimination in the rat. Nature Neuroscience, 6, 1224. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1142Google Scholar
Wilson, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2012). Prospective memory in the rat. Animal Cognition, 15, 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-011-0459-5CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, A. G., Pizzo, M. J., & Crystal, J. D. (2013). Event-based prospective memory in the rat. Current Biology, 23, 1089–1093. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.067Google Scholar
Wright, A. A. (2018). Episodic memory: Manipulation and replay of episodic memories by rats. Current Biology, 28, R667–R669. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.04.060CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yonelinas, A. P. (2001). Components of episodic memory: The contribution of recollection and familiarity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1363–1374. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0939CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yonelinas, A. P., & Levy, B. J. (2002). Dissociating familiarity from recollection in human recognition memory: Different rates of forgetting over short retention intervals. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9, 575–582. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196315Google Scholar
Zhou, W., & Crystal, J. D. (2009). Evidence for remembering when events occurred in a rodent model of episodic memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 9525–9529. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0904360106Google Scholar
Zhou, W., & Crystal, J. D. (2011). Validation of a rodent model of episodic memory. Animal Cognition, 14(3), 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-010-0367-0Google Scholar
Zhou, W., Hohmann, A. G., & Crystal, J. D. (2012). Rats answer an unexpected question after incidental encoding. Current Biology, 22, 1149–1153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.040CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×