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18 - Evolutionary Origins of Complex Cognition

from Part II - Evolution of Memory Processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

By
Alexandra K. Schnell  and
Nicola S. Clayton
Edited by
Mark A. Krause ,
Karen L. Hollis  and
Mauricio R. Papini
Mark A. Krause
Affiliation:
Southern Oregon University
Karen L. Hollis
Affiliation:
Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts
Mauricio R. Papini
Affiliation:
Texas Christian University
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Summary

Cognitive abilities in animals can range from simple learning mechanisms to complex mechanisms including causal reasoning, imagination, foresight, and perspective taking. These complex cognitive abilities are thought to have evolved in primates in response to socio-ecological challenges faced by their ancestors. Corvids, a group of large-brained birds, are thought to have evolved comparable cognitive abilities in response to similar socio-ecological pressures. Cephalopods, including octopus, cuttlefish, and squid, also exhibit a subset of complex cognitive abilities despite having evolved independently. Here, we discuss the evolutionary pressures that might have facilitated the emergence of complex cognition in these diverse animal groups. By identifying the cognitive similarities between diverse taxa and recognizing the likely drivers for their emergence, we can derive a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive evolution.

Keywords

convergent evolutioncomparative cognitionevolutionary pressuresapescorvidscephalopods
Type
Chapter
Information
Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms , pp. 317 - 338
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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