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3 - In the Realm of Action

Social Exclusion as a Catalyst for Terrorism

from Part I - The Link between Exclusion and Extremism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

By
Michaela Pfundmair
Edited by
Michaela Pfundmair ,
Andrew H. Hales  and
Kipling D. Williams
Michaela Pfundmair
Affiliation:
Federal University of Administrative Sciences, Germany
Andrew H. Hales
Affiliation:
University of Mississippi
Kipling D. Williams
Affiliation:
Purdue University, Indiana
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Summary

Norwegian terrorist Anders Breivik was reported to have been excluded throughout his life, much like German extremist Fabian D. In many cases of terrorism like these, social exclusion is found in the life course of terrorists. This chapter therefore explores the relationship between exclusion and terrorism in greater depth. First, central concepts are defined and explained. The chapter then focuses on theoretical and, in particular, empirical findings on the exclusion–terrorism link. According to these findings, there is a causal relationship between exclusion and a terrorist mindset. However, the link between exclusion and terrorism is probably not direct and instead works indirectly, through processes such as deprived needs and higher social susceptibility. Ultimately, exclusion is likely to act as an early cognitive opener for terrorism via its individual- and group-level consequences. A corresponding exclusion–terrorism model is postulated. The chapter concludes with directions for future research and practical implications regarding the exclusion–terrorism link.

Keywords

social exclusionostracismrejectionterrorismterrorist mindsetcognitive openingdeprived needsneed for controlsocial susceptibilitygroup processes
Type
Chapter
Information
Exclusion and Extremism
A Psychological Perspective
 , pp. 51 - 73
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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