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Chapter 3 - Definitions, Needs, Scenarios, Functional Concept, and Modes of Deployment

from Section 2 - Scenarios

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2020

By
Maximilian P Nerlander  and
Johan von Schreeb
Edited by
Elhanan Bar-On ,
Kobi Peleg  and
Yitshak Kreiss
Elhanan Bar-On
Affiliation:
The Israel Center for Disaster Medicine and Humanitarian Response, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
Kobi Peleg
Affiliation:
National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research, The Gertner Institute for Health Policy and Epidemiology and Tel-Aviv University, Disaster Medicine Department
Yitshak Kreiss
Affiliation:
Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Summary

Past experiences from uncoordinated and inefficient medical responses to disasters have prompted the WHO to formulate a system that includes minimum standards to which responding medical teams must adhere. Three levels of EMTs are identified: type 1 provides primary outpatient care, type 2 provides intermediate inpatient care, while type 3 provides specialized care. Following larger disasters, the affected country may request international EMT assistance. This assistance will be supported by the WHO. The health-care needs, and thus need for EMTs, will vary depending on type, scale of disaster, and the affected country’s vulnerability. A significant part of the EMT workload will be managing the normal burden of disease. A thorough needs assessment is vital for an effective response and should address anticipated health needs (and their variation over time), local resources available, and seek to gain intelligence on other context-specific challenges. EMTs do not function in isolation, but in a health system coordinated by the affected country. Efforts including the WHO EMT minimum standards system that verify international EMTS are important steps to ensure appropriate standards in a multitude of aspects of global disaster response.

Keywords

Disasterwaremergency medical teams (EMTs)field hospitalstraumahealth careWorld Health Organization (WHO)
Type
Chapter
Information
Field Hospitals
A Comprehensive Guide to Preparation and Operation
 , pp. 17 - 23
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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