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Chapter 19 - Anxiety Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2025

By
Grace Kim ,
Vaishali Tirumalaraju  and
Sudhakar Selvaraj
Edited by
Marsal Sanches  and
Jair C. Soares
Marsal Sanches
Affiliation:
McGovern Medical School, Texas
Jair C. Soares
Affiliation:
McGovern Medical School, Texas
Get access

Summary

Anxiety disorders are the most common form of mental disorders, especially in young adults and children. They are typically characterized by extreme or excessive fear and anxiety or avoidance of perceived threats. Anxiety disorders encompass a range of conditions including, social anxiety disorder, selective mutism, panic disorder (or attacks), separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and specific phobias. The risk for anxiety disorders is multifactorial, composed of genetic and environmental factors. While the specific neurobiological pathophysiology of anxiety disorders is yet to be undetermined, dysfunction in the fronto-limbic system is consistently related to these disorders. Additionally, comorbidity with other mental disorders, especially depression and substance abuse, is common with anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders have a major public health relevance and remain highly underdiagnosed. They carry a high burden, as these disorders are often chronic, recurrent, and disabling throughout life. Treatment of anxiety disorders consists of various psychotherapies and pharmacological treatments. Although treatment methods are effective in mitigating the symptoms, more research is critically needed to personalize treatment approaches and provide long-term relief.

Keywords

AnxietyGeneralized anxiety disorderpanic disordersocial anxietyserotoninphobia
Type
Chapter
Information
Fundamentals of Clinical Psychiatry
A Practical Handbook
 , pp. 181 - 200
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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