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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 March 2022
Nanomaterials are potentially a nanotoxicity problem. One potential source of nanomaterial toxicity is the large surface-to-volume ratio inherent in materials on the nanoscale size range. Many chemical reactions are aided by surfaces that can bring together different molecules for potential interactions and aid in their reorientations for potential interactions. In this way, small nanoparticles can act as catalysts and like enzymes to amplify the effects of interactions between molecules. Reactivity of nanomaterials also varies widely with size. For all of these reasons, nanotoxicity should be measured using nanoparticles of specific size ranges. The same nanomaterials can be more or less cytotoxic depending on their size. Biocoatings may hide the true nanotoxicity.
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