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22 - Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Models for Earthquake Triggering

from Part VI - Modelling of Glacially Induced Faults and Stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2021

By
Patrick Wu ,
Rebekka Steffen ,
Holger Steffen  and
Björn Lund
Edited by
Holger Steffen ,
Odleiv Olesen  and
Raimo Sutinen
Holger Steffen
Affiliation:
Lantmäteriet, Sweden
Odleiv Olesen
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Norway
Raimo Sutinen
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Finland
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Summary

To model glacial triggering of earthquakes, it is necessary to obtain the spatio-temporal variation of glacial isostatic adjustment-induced stress during a glacial cycled. This can be computed efficiently using commercial Finite Element codes with appropriate modifications to include the important effects of ‘pre-stress advection’, ‘internal buoyancy’ and ‘self-gravity’. The modifications described in Wu (2004) are reviewed for incompressible and so-called materially compressible flat-earths. When the glacial isostatic adjustment-induced stress is superimposed on the background tectonic stress and overburden pressure, the time variation of earthquake potential at various locations in the Earth can be evaluated for any fault orientation. To model more complex slip and fault behavior over time, the three-stage Finite Element model approach of Steffen et al. (2014) is reviewed. Finally, selected numerical examples and their results from both modelling approaches are shown.

Keywords

Glacial Isostatic AdjustmentEquation of MotionStress MigrationCoulomb Failure StressMohr CircleFinite Element ModellingFault StabilityEarth ModelBoundary ConditionsFault Slip
Type
Chapter
Information
Glacially-Triggered Faulting , pp. 383 - 401
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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