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18 - Changing Behavior Using Theories at the Interpersonal, Organizational, Community, and Societal Levels

from Part I - Theory and Behavior Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2020

By
Robert A. C. Ruiter ,
Rik Crutzen ,
Evelyne De Leeuw  and
Gerjo Kok
Edited by
Martin S. Hagger ,
Linda D. Cameron ,
Kyra Hamilton ,
Nelli Hankonen  and
Taru Lintunen
Martin S. Hagger
Affiliation:
University of California, Merced
Linda D. Cameron
Affiliation:
University of California, Merced
Kyra Hamilton
Affiliation:
Griffith University
Nelli Hankonen
Affiliation:
University of Helsinki
Taru Lintunen
Affiliation:
University of Jyväskylä
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Summary

On the one hand, human behavior and its determinants can be seen in terms of a relatively simple “input-output” system. On the other hand, it is also possible to envisage a more complex interplay between behavior and its determinants unfolding at multiple environmental levels. A key premise of this chapter is that planned behavior change programs should target not only the individual but also the environmental influences on behavior at the interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal levels. Each environmental level encompasses physical, social, and cultural dimensions. Two key ecological assumptions help us to identify intervention targets for promoting behavior change. First, behavior influences, and is influenced by, multilevel environmental factors; second, individual behavior both shapes and is shaped by the environment. The socioecological approach and the accompanying range of theoretical approaches described in this chapter do justice to both perspectives. This approach enables researchers to apply insights from theoretical frameworks at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal levels. The resulting multilevel interventions can target complex phenomena such as power differences, social networks, diffusion of innovations, organizational change, coalition building, and policy processes.

Keywords

environmental levelinterpersonal levelorganizational levelsocietal levelcommunity leveltheories of empowermentstakeholder frameworkscoalition frameworks
Type
Chapter
Information
The Handbook of Behavior Change , pp. 251 - 266
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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